The Design And Research Of Automatic Balance Machine For Small Rotor

Motor is widely used in the industrial production and daily life,and the rotor is the core component of motor.Due to material unevenness and processing technology,the rotor center of mass tends to deviate from the rotation axis,which resulting in the rotor imbalance.The vibration caused by rotation of unbalanced rotor is the main reason of mechanical failure,accounting for about 60% of all mechanical failure.Therefore,it is of great significance to take correction for unbalanced rotor.At present,there have been high-precision automatic balancing machine at home and abroad,but all of them are aimed at large and medium-sized rotor,using the weight removal method and expensive.For the balance method of small rotor,measurement is separated from calibration,the method need workers to manually correct,which is inefficient,and unable to meet the needs of enterprises that produce small rotor.Therefore,it is urgent to research and develop an automatic balancing machine for small rotor,which is with high precision,efficiency,and integrating the measurement and calibration.Through the research on the dynamic balance theory of rigid rotor and the structural characteristics of small rotor,a balance calibration method dispensing on two planes is proposed.After measuring the unbalance of the rotor,the dispensing volume on two planes can be calculated by influence coefficient method.Based on the experience of four-channel balancing machine,the balancing machine of two-channel mechanical structure is designed,and the important mechanical components are introduced.In order to obtain the amplitude and phase of the unbalanced vibration signal,an unbalanced measurement system based on STM32 is designed.The vibration signal collected and preprocessed by the system enters the microcontroller by the whole cycle AD sampling.Because of the shortcomings of the analog filter,the Butterworth digital band-pass filter and the zero-phase filter are designed to extract unbalance signal,and the performance of the filters are simulated and analyzed.The FFT method can be applied on the filtered data to calculate the amplitude and phase of the unbalance,and then the dispensing amount can be obtained,the dispensing calibration can be achieved.In order to ensure the orderly operation of the entire system,the host computer control program is designed,the host control system coordinates mechanical movement and measurement work to achieve integration of measurement and calibration work.Finally,the unbalance measurement system,the dispensing system and the whole machine were tested.The experimental results show that all the parts can work stably,and coordinate to complete the entire work process.The machine meets the dynamic balancing requirements of small rotors.