| With the rapid development of Chinese economic society and the increasing acceleration of urbanization process,modern traffic infrastructure construction has been improved dramatically.In the past few decades,the level of China’s comprehensive transportation and people’s travel conditions have enhanced effectively due to the great development of highway,the digging and filling of which have also deeply influenced on the highway ecological environment.In the background of two-oriented society,we are facing not only the serious challenges of negative effect by highway on ecological maintenance,but also the significant opportunities of ecological restoration of road landscape and positive uses of idle land resources.In this paper,the slope of Loess Plateau in Henan province is taken as the main research object.According to the research methods of literature review,field investigation and local census,this paper states the influence of expressway construction on natural ecological environment,and it concludes the fragile road ecosystem,the non-breathing landscape interface,the road green space environment with high investment and low yield,the neglected natural resources and other present problems.Habitat vulnerabilities of expressway slope in the loess gully region,such as the slope protection plants which dominated by grass,alkaline soil and the characteristics of ‘lack of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium’,are discussed preliminary.Meanwhile,on the basis of knowing the ecological restoration and the situation of landscape construction of expressway in gully region of The Loess Plateau,Henan province,this paper induces the types of landscape reconstruction including expressway slope and other additional facilities.As a whole,slope landscape is divided into non ecological hard slope and ecological slope in 2 categories.Paper carefully describes the geological conditions and production forms of vegetation restoration slope and ‘vegetation restoration & disaster prevention’ slope and the characteristics of non-sustainability and the abilities of developed and reconstituted potential of non ecological hard slope.Finally,basing on the analysis of site characteristics and critical issues of highway in loess gully region,this paper points out the landscape ecological design pattern about soil improvement in fragile habitat in expressway slope and vegetation restoration: in the soil improvement,aimed at 6 obstacle factors which influence soil improvement,including terrain,irrigation conditions,soil texture,soil texture,nutrients and p H,this paper proposes engineering,agronomic and biochemical improvement measures according to 2 types of mountainous and hilly regions and plain areas;in the aspect of designing slope vegetation landscape,this paper screens out 49 kinds of plant species of arbor,shrub,grass and rattan for landscape construction of slope,and it points out natural softy transformation model and landscape stability maintenance model of biological and engineering slope of non ecological hard slope and visual model of natural ecological landscape restoration combining the characteristics of present slope engineering and biological protection in order to promote the formation of a good vegetation landscape slope of stable community structure,high biodiversity and rich seasonal changes. |
