Study On Emergency Evacuation Of Sudden Passenger Flow On Subway Station

In case of emergency,whether the passenger evocated in time directly related to the safety of the person gathered in the hall can be protected.It has become hot and focus on public security research that how to remit the impact caused by sudden passenger flow and prevent the occurrence of accidence effectively.Emergent evacuation means that all the passengers in the hall should be transferred to a safe area in the shortest time as far as possible at any emergencies occur.But,it always cause serious consequence once the emergencies occur,as the small subway station hall,complicated evacuation path,density passenger flow and fewer exits.In order to reduce the occurrence of accidents in emergency situations and to ensure the normal operation of rail transit and passenger safety,it is necessary to formulate an effective emergency evacuation plan to transfer passengers to a safe area in time for urban rail transit manager department.This passage first introduces the related theoretical about the large passenger flow on subway station,and analyzes the sudden passenger flow which is mostly caused by the sudden event,and the sudden passenger flow is a great test for subway station's emergency capability.It is necessary to clearly grasp the characteristics of sudden large passenger flow,analyzes the characteristics of pedestrians' behavior and the characteristics of pedestrian evacuation in different situations,then according to the characteristics of sudden passenger flow and the behavior of pedestrian evacuation,analyzes subjective factors and objective factors which influencing the emergency evacuation of sudden passenger flow,the subjective factors such as the subjective preference of the people,the psychological state of the pedestrian and the panic and so on;and the objective factors such as the number of exports,the distance from the exit,crowdedness and other.Then,for the emergency evacuation of subway station,the distance,export width and export crowding are the influencing factors of pedestrian export choice,and the comprehensive utility model of pedestrian export selection is established to find out the alternative export of evacuation.Whereas,pedestrian are bounded rationality and can't grasp accurate information once the emergencies occur in reality.So,pedestrian always select evacuation path just based on bounded rationality and partial information,it is necessary to research pedestrians' behavior under this situation.In this model,pedestrian will make decision not only depend on pedestrian's strategy within their visual but assume it at next state,and the decisions are based on pedestrian's optimal selection strategy.It is more truthfulness to use evolutionary game theory to describe exit selection behaviors.The movements of pedestrian from hall to safe area are complicated on evacuation process,and pedestrian are suffering various forces,so we can introduce social force model to solve this problem.But,the origin model are deficiency,the model does not take into account the role of the subjective preference of the individual at the desired speed in the emergency evacuation,this passage takes influence factor into desired speed to describe it.This passage put forward an integrated model with multi-exit selection and pedestrian's movement,and then uses AnyLogic to simulate the process.The simulation of subway station evacuation process combined with pedestrian movement and the evolutionary game process of multi-exit meet the conditions of the reality,and the results can provide some suggestions for the emergency evacuation plan in emergency situations.