Study On Spatial And Temporal Distribution Characteristics Of Xi'An Traffic Congestion Based On Real-time Traffic Data

With the rapid development of towns and townships,urban population density showed a gradual go-up tendency,and the city vehicles also grew at a comparatively high speed.While the city road mileage is lagged far behind.By the end of 2015,the increasing of motor vehicle population in Xi'an reached 293.6%in the recent years.At the same time,urban resident population increased 19.73%and tourist reception also increased 336.2%,however,the highway mileage only increased 39.85%,those result in the seriousness of the contradictions between supply and demand of traffic,therefore the trafic congestion has become one of the urban diseases which must be solved during the development of the city.In order to solve the city traffic congestion problem effectively,explore the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of city traffic congestion from the whole city,it is necessary to find out the mechanism of traffic congestion.With the continuous development of big data technology,real-time traffic data has gradually used by the researchers to study the traffic congestion problem because of its fast update,large volume of data and high real time.Referring to overseas and domestic research experience,this paper proposes a new method to research the urban traffic congestion based on spatio-temporal autocorrelation and hot spot clustering.And then,combining with the Xi'an congestion status,this paper analyzes the distribution characteristics of traffic congestion in time and space by utilizing the real time traffic data released by Gaode,In order to provide a reference for relieving traffic congestion.First of all,this paper explored the research data's relativity and stationarity in time and space according to those methods such as Moran's I,trend analysis method and Pearson correlation coefficient method,So as to be the premise of spatio-temporal cluster analysis.Then,this paper classified the research data to three kinds,including workday data,weekend data and holiday data.And then this paper studied the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics by using the methods of time contrast and space hotspot analysis,and obtained some results:(1)The traffic congestion on the whole study area posses a spatial characteristics which is one circle and two point.The most crowd areas are Second Ring Road,bell tower and xiaozhai,and also marked by morning and evening peaks.During workdays,traffic congestion assumes a M-shaped in time and a ring-shaped and heart-shaped in space;During weekends,traffic congestion puts off while traffic morning peak and newly adds a secondary maximum peak in time and it shows a mushroom-shaped in space;During holidays,it is similar with weekends,at the same time,it is reveals that Scenic spots have some influence to holidays;(2)The distribution of the business district,the odd-and-even license plate rule and the population density have different degrees of influence on the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of traffic congestion in the study area.It is more prone to traffic jams where is like the bell tower and xiaozhai which have a large scale,good geographic conditions and Complete function;The odd-and-even license plate rule and traffic congestion has negative correlation,the stricter of the odd-and-even,the better of the traffic is;The greater of the population density,the more serious of the regional traffic congestion is,and they are positively correlated.