The Study Of Fire Hazard And Prevention Strategy In Urban Old Block

Under the period of the urban land intensive uses to promote the construction of high density,those multiple disaster elements emerge in environment of urban blocks through high density of population and diversified activities of street space and mix building types in different periods.Especially those elements exists within the old street blocks,they are limited renewal plans and developmental prospects from environmental space condition in those old street blocks,such as public facilities,old buildings and cluttered street space.As results,both nature and man-made disasters have appears frequently in those old street blocks.Therefore,disaster prevention of old street block is a main challenge to urban safety.This study starts from the observable potential disaster and studies its phenomenon in old street block on the basis of a large number of first-hand data obtained in the field study.It aims to picture the types of potential disasters in Laohuqiao and Fanjiatang Street blocks in order to reveal the simulation evaluation of fire disaster risk in applied Analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and Geographic Information System(GIS).Consequently,this study will provide statement in the corresponding fire prevention and strategy of disaster reduction.It may provide some ideas for further researches in the disaster reduction of old street block and riches study perspectives of urban disaster reduction planning.The thesis is composed of six parts as follows:The Introduction part sums up previous domestic and abroad research experiences.Besides it introduces the research topic and subject.Some a major concept such as “old street block” is also defined in this chapter.Chapter Two through analyzes characteristic of old street blocks and types of disasters to establish corresponding relationships between disaster occurrence and environment of old street blocks.In Chapter Three,based on the standards,this study selects two blocks where typical modes of old streets block in Nanjing.It studies potential fire disaster and analysis features between fire disaster and spatial environment in old street block.The fourth chapter proposes screening sequence of element of potential fire disaster with Analytic hierarchy process and Geographic Information System in order to evaluating fire disaster risk and obtains layer maps of fire risk.Chapter Five evaluates the elements of potential fire disaster and its impacts in old street blocks.On one hand,it proposes various strategy of disaster reduction through urban planning and management,technologies of disaster reduction and social perspectives.The last chapter sums up the elements of spatial environment of fire disaster in old street blocks,Nanjing.It makes the predication that with the promotion of fire prevention of old street blocks,the elements of fire disaster would be reduced in nearly future.In the end it provides several suggestions for the future researches on disaster prevention of urban old street block.