Design And Implementation Of Rail Profile Detection System

With the rapid development of rail transport and the increase of railway transport capacity and rail use frequency, the abrasion speed of rail is faster than before,excessive rail wear will produce very big threat to the safety of the train, the rail profile detection and maintenance is very necessary, the rail profile should be detected and the rail wear should be acquired accurately and quickly, it is significant to the safety of the train.Currently,there are many rail profile detection methods, most of the domestic detection methods is a contact measurement method by using a caliper. This method is mainly based on manual measurement, its low efficiency, high labor intensity, low accuracy, can not meet the current needs of the high-speed railway development. So, This paper uses non-contact detection method based on laser triangulation, developed a non-contact rail profile detection system. This system is capable of real-time dynamic detection and it has high precision.Firstly,this article describes the current rail profile detection method and the background and significance of the subject. based on the principle of laser sensor and profile measuring, the overall system program design has been proposed. The system mainly consists of three parts, such as sensor systems, computer systems and power systems. Then,The main process of the system is as follows, Photoelectric encoder installed on the wheel shaft, which makes sensor that detect left rail and right rail can collect data synchronization and equidistant sampling. The data points what collected by sensor are transmitted to IPC via Ethernet, then through the data preprocessing, feature point extraction, coordinate transformation, and the comparison with standard profile to get rail wear, finally complete results show, report printing and data storage. The data processing part of the system includes data preprocessing, feature point extraction and coordinate transformation, this paper has carried on the quite detailed introduction and the analysis to each part. Data processing and data display software of the system is developed based on Visual C++, the rail profile and rail wear can displayed dynamically on the IPC.In order to verify the feasibility of the system, a simple rail profile detection platform is built in the lab. Experimental results show that the error of the system test results is within ± 0.15mm, verify the accuracy, stability and repeatability of the system. It can basically meet the relevant provisions of the railway sector testing requirements and has important practical significance. Finally, in order to improve system functions, some favorable recommendations are proposed.