| In recent years, rare earthquakes occurred more and more frequently in all over the world. The near-field earthquake is different from the far-field earthquake not only because the difference in fault distance but also the different features of the responses of structures under the two types of ground motions. In the past thirty years the near-field earthquakes have drawn the concern from both the academic and the engineering field. The researches about the near-fault ground motions can be classified into two categories. One is about t he seismology. Another is about the behaviors of the structures under the near-field earthquakes. Currently the research of the near-field ground motion has made some achievements and is making progress day by day. However in the field of the response of the structure, there aren’t many researches about high-rise buildings. And the research considering the effect of pulse in near-fault ground motions to high-rise buildings by doing the fragility analysis is even rare. In the Chinese code the effect of the n ear-field earthquake is considered in the classification of the site. While for the value of the horizontal factor α, which is another very important parameter for the design of the structure, the effect of the fault distance is not considered. So the consideration of the safety of tall buildings under different types of earthquakes is necessary. Focused on these problems, this thesis involves the following work:(1) The definition of the near-field earthquake is given. And then, the hazard and the characteristics of near-field earthquake is introduced. The achievement of the researches in near-field earthquake is summarized.(2) Introduction of the nonlinear models in simulations of the beam, column and shear wall is made. And two experiments are simulated to prove the accuracy of the analysis result from PERFORM3 D.(3) Sixty earthquake records are selected according to the values of epicentral distance and PGA, which include twenty from the pulse-like records, twenty from no pulse-like records and twenty from far-field earthquake records. The feature of the spectrums of the three groups records is studied.(4) With the method of nonlinear time history analysis, the behavior of frame-wall high-rise building is studied under the action of far-field ground motions and near-field ground motions with pulse and without. The behavior of the tall buildings is studied with the data of maximum inter-story drifts and their locations.(5) The theory of vulnerability analysis is described in this thesis. And several performance levels are defined. With the damage index θmax and the intensity measure Sa, the vulnerability curves are drawn from the analysis of the two frame-wall high-rise buildings. The safety of the two structures are evaluated. |
