Study On River Ecological Basic Flow Protection Compensation In Guanzhong Section Of Weihe River Mainstream

In the process of sustainable social-economic development,the unreasonable utilization of water resources poses a serious threat to the health of aquatic ecosystem.As the basic flow of maintaining basic ecological environmental functions of river,the ecological basic flow has important practical significance for the healthy development of water ecosystem.In view of the losses and compensation caused by the protection of the river ecological basic flow in water-scarce areas,this article takes the Guanzhong section of Weihe river mainstream as an example,according to the main influencing factors of the river ecological basic flow,quantitatively calculated the losses resulted in the protection of the river ecological basic flow,and initially constructed the corresponding ecological compensation mechanism.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The profit and loss of the ecological basic flow of five main control sections in the Guanzhong section of Weihe river mainstream were analyzed,and the influencing factors of the ecological basic flow in Baoji section of the mainstream were analyzed,and the corresponding water shortage were calculated.?By establishing the annual changes and variation monthly of runoff and ecological basic flow,analyzed the profit and loss of the ecological basic flow of the section.Xianyang,Lintong and Huaxian section can meet the requirements of river ecological basic flow protection during the inter-annual and annual periods,Weijiabu section can basically meet the high-basis control value of the ecological basic flow,while the Linjiacun section has a shortage of ecological basic flow both in the annual and inter-annual periods.?Through the selection of typical years,the comparison shows that the diversion of water from the Linjiacun canal head in Baoji gorge Yuanshang irrigation area and Weijiabu hydropower station are the main reason for the lack of ecological basic flow in the Baoji section of the mainstream.Reasonable regulation of its diversion volume is conducive to the effective protection of the river ecological basic flow.?According to the current situation of water intake in the region and the requirements for the protection of the river ecological basic flow,the shortage of ecological basic flow and the total amount of water supply reduction based on the support of the river ecological basic flow calculation method are put forward.The shortage of ecological basic flow in the Baoji section of the mainstream is not much different from the total amount of production water that should be reduced based on the protection of the river ecological basic flow.It is feasible to implement river ecological basic flow protection,and non-flood season is the critical period to ensure river ecological basic flow.(2)Taking Weijiabu hydropower station and Baoji gorge Yuanshang irrigation area as the main body of water supply reduction,quantitatively calculated the losses caused by ecological basic flow protection in Baoji section of Weihe mainstream.(1)On the basis of determining the relationship between the water diversion amount and the effective water diversion function of the hydropower station,reasonably defined the reduced power generation capacity based on the river ecological basic flow protection,and the corresponding losses of the hydropower station were calculated from the loss of electricity sale income and the loss of energy saving and emission reduction.The average total losses of the Weijiabao hydropower station under the low-limit and high-limit regulation values of the ecological basic flow were 3.0451 million yuan and 4.4459 million yuan respectively,among them,the losses of electricity sales were 1.7894 million yuan and 2.6126 million yuan respectively,and the losses of energy saving and emission reduction were 1.2557 million yuan and 1.8334 million yuan respectively.(2)According to the short supply of irrigation water caused by the protection of the river ecological basic flow,calculated the corresponding agricultural losses from direct economic losses and indirect social impacts.Considering the impact of water diversion of the Weijiapu Hydropower Station,the average total agricultural losses in the irrigation areas were 1.41 billion yuan and 2.57 billion yuan respectively;without considering the impact of hydropower stations,the total agricultural losses were 2.92 billion yuan and 4.78 billion yuan respectively.(3)Through the discussion on compensation principle,compensation subject and object,compensation amount,compensation standard and compensation mode,the compensation mechanism of river ecological basic flow protection was preliminarily constructed.(1)Based on the scientific basis for the protection of mainstream river ecological basic flow,follow the compensation principles such as “who benefits,who compensates”,etc.,taking Shaanxi provincial government,Baoji city and Xianyang municipal government as the compensation subjects,and Wei Jiabao hydropower station,Baoji gorge Yuanshang irrigation district farmers and Baoji gorge irrigation administration as the objects.(2)The direct economic loss value based on river ecological basic flow protection can be used as the ecological compensation quota under different ecological basic flow regulation values,and the corresponding compensation standard can be determined combined with the reduced water diversion.Among them,when considering the impact of water diversion of the Weijiapu Hydropower Station,the average total compensation amount under the low-limit and high-limit regulation values of the ecological basic flow were 0.48 billion yuan and 0.89 billion yuan respectively;the compensation standard for Weijiabu hydropower station was 0.035 to 0.071 yuan/m3,the compensation standard for Irrigated area farmers was 1.18 to 2.23 yuan/m3,and the compensation standard for Irrigation administration was 0.13 yuan/m3.(3)The quantification of compensation quota and compensation standard provides a basis for the implementation of financial compensation,and the indirect effects and losses caused by it can be compensated by policy compensation,physical compensation,intellectual compensation and project compensation.It is suggested that the share of compensation funds between provinces and municipalities should be taken according to 6:4,and the share of compensation funds between the two municipal governments should be determined by 8:2.In addition,the relevant policies and regulations should be perfected and the sources of compensation funds should be widened to ensure that the compensation mechanism is more exerted.