| Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons(PAHs)are one kind of persistent organic pollutants(POPs)which distributed in the environment,composed of 2 or more than 2 aromatic ring fused together,is an important component of the oil,gasoline,diesel,lubricants are derived from oil,refined from the oil.PAHs can be absorbed by plants passing soil,polluting the soil,affecting the plant growth,endangering human health.The content analysis of PAHs can be used to reflect the harm degree of different oil pollution.Bying experiment the effects of different sources(gasoline,diesel,lubricants)PAHs on plant growth and development,analysing the main components of PAHs of vehicle using different oil and the degree of soil pollution were analyzed in order to strengthen the control of soil pollution.The following results are obtained:1.In the early pollution,the PAHs content of soil in diesel treated was 22.19%-53.09%higher than that in gasoline treated,the PAHs content of soil in lubricants treated was 5.32%-7.34%lower than that in diesel treated;Large number of naphthalene,fluorene,phenanthrene,pyrene were detected in gasoline,diesel and lubricants;The PAHs content of soil degradated with time prolonging,the degradation of PAHs in gasoline treated was faster,followed by diesel treated,the degradation rate of lubricants oil was slow.2.Soil urease activity increased at low concentration in gasoline,lubricants treated,and inhibited at high concentration,the urease activity showed a gradually decreasing trend throughout the experiment;The soil urease activity in the treatment of diesel decreased with the increasing concentration,during the experiment,urease activity was first increased and then decreased with time passing.The activity of soil phosphatase was activated in the treatment of gasoline;During the whole experiment,the activity of phosphatase was activated and then decreased under the stress of PAHs gradually.The invertase activity was increased at low concentrations and inhibited at high concentration by PAHs treated.The soil invertase activity treated by gasoline showed a decreased trend,the soil invertase activity treated by diesel and lubricants oil was first increased and then decreased with time passing.3.In the early pollution,the microbial activity was inhibited,PAHs pollution had the greatest effect on bacterial toxicity,the inhibition rate was 31.34%-61.19%;The Fungi and actinomycetes had lower inhibited;During the experiment,the number of bacteria in the soil was higher in gasoline,which was higher 7.14%-7.6%,2.96%-14.56%than that of diesel and lubricants;The number of fungi in soil was the highest in gasoline,which was higher 8.7%-21.05%,11.3%-46.62%than that of diesel and lubricants.The number of actinomycetes in soil was the highest in lubricants,which was higher 0.79%-11.49%,8.96%-12.64%than that of gasoline and diesel treated soil respectively.4.The plant height was inhibited under the stress of PAHs,the degree of stress and the treatment concentration was positively correlated;In the early pollution,the low concentration of gasoline and the concentration of diesel stimulated the plant height growth.The plant diameter was inhibited under the stress of PAHs,Plant diameter growth rate that treated by gasoline was higher 10.59%,16.03%than that of diesel respectively;In July and August,PAHs stress was reduced on plant.5.In the early pollution,the low concentration of gasoline,the concentration of gasoline,the low concentration of diese could promote the plant chlorophyll content rose sharply in the short term,then gradually recovered,the changes of chlorophyll content was increased at low concentrations,inhibited at high concentration;The chlorophyll content was decreased with the increasing of pollution concentration in lubricants treated.6.leaves’ net photosynthetic rate decreased with the increasing of PAHs concentration,and the difference was significant;The ETR,ΦPS Ⅱ,Fv/Fm were inhibited under the stress of PAHs,the low concentration of PAHs had no significant effect on NPQ,the high concentration stress significantly increased the plant NPQ,the inhibitory intensity for photosynthesis and fluorescence of lubricants was stronger than that of gasoline and diesel.7.The contents of P,K,Cu,Zn in leaves of PAHs pollution were lower than that in control;The total content of N in the leaves of gasoline treated was higher 9.36%,11.93%than that of diesel and lubricants treatment;The total content of Zn in the leaves was higher 4.13%,7.30%than that of diesel and lubricants treated.The contents of Mg in leaves was higher than that in control,and the difference was significant.8.Total nitrogen,the 15N uptake and 15N utilization decreased with the increase of PAHs pollution concentration;The distribution of 15N in the leaves decreased and the distribution of 15N in the stem increased with the increase of the pollution concentration,the distribution of 15N in the roots was higher 6.39%,3.41%than that in control under the low concentration of diesel,the concentration of diesel treated.9.The total root length,root surface area,root tips number reached maximum in the concentration of gasoline treated,increased 11.74%,27.39%,22.29%respectively compared with control;The total volume of roots in the concentration of gasoline and the concentration of diese treated was higher 34.92%,33.12%than that in control. |
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