Ozone Detoxification And Safety Evaluation Of Patulin In Apple Juice

Patulin(Patulin,PAT)is a toxic metabolite mainly produced by the fungal species Penicillium expansum.It is a potent teratogen,mutagen,and hepatocarcinogen.Fruits and its products are offen contaminated by PAT,especially apple juice,which seriously threat the health of human and the development of apple industry.It leads to enormous economic loss each year for the producers and processors due to the contamination of PAT.The prevention or control of the contamination of patulin in apple juice is a difficult problem in the world.In recent years,the ozone is gradually applied to control the degradation of fungal toxins,but reports of ozone degradation PAT are rare.In this experiment,the treatment technology of ozone was used to degrade the contaminated PAT in apple juice.By experimental study on the influence of various factors PAT ozone degradation effects,to detect changes in quality parameters of apple juice ozone detoxification treatment,and food safety evaluation of the ozone detoxification of apple juice by cell toxicology tests.To provide theoretical basis and technical support for the application of ozone technology in the processing of Apple Juice.The main results are as follows:(1)The main factors affecting the detoxification efficiency of PAT in apple juice were related to the soluble solids content(dilution),processing time,ozone concentration,the concentration of PAT and the pH of the juice.Lower soluble solids content(i.e.higher dilutions)degradation effect was more significant.After diluted apple juice 1:5,Pat's ozone removal rate reached 68.14%,and the degradation effect was remarkable.The degradation rate increased with the increase of ozone detoxification time.The PAT 201±2.7?g/L of apple juice,15 min after treatment residue 49.24±2.6?g/L,to achieve the required limit(50?g/L).The amount of PAT degradation increased with the increase of ozone concentration.When apple juice was treated with the 10 mg/L ozone for 10 min,the degradation rate reached75.88%.With the deepening of pollution,PAT residue increased,the degradation rate decreased.When the PAT concentration of 50?g/L,ozone degradation rate of up to 86.68%.The increase of p H value increased the rate of degradation.The juice pH between 3.5~4.5(Apple Juice pH range),the degradation rate reached more than 60%.(2)In this study,Ozone treatment had no significant effect on apple juice pH and the content of soluble solids(P>0.05).However,a greater impact(P<0.05)on the part of an organic acid,the content of total phenols and substituted phenols,and the transmittance and color value of apple juice was improved effectively.After ozone treatment,the content of the organic acid content was slightly lower portion,treatment 10 min,shikimate loss of 2.98mg/L,succinic loss 16.48 mg/L.Of total phenol and polyphenols are significantly reduced after treatment 15 min,p-coumaric acid and ferulic acid was undetectable;After 20 min,o-coumaric acid and caffeic acid completely disappeared;After 25 min,quercetin flavonoids and epicatechin detecting an amount of 0 mg/L.(3)According to the experimental toxicology of yeast,the safety of apple juice was significantly improved after ozone treatment.The yeast cells cultured in Pat's environment were transferred to TTC medium to continue culture,and the colony showed a red-white color distinction(wild yeast can reduce three-methyl-triazole to red substance,mutant yeast cannot).This phenomenon indicated that PAT had on the mutagenicity of yeast cells.The yeast cells were cultured using virus-free and virus-free juice as culture medium.Hemacytometer count obtained after 180 min incubation,the number of cells derived from a virus-free juice was9.47×10~7 cells/m L more than virus-free.It suggested that the cytotoxicity disappears.This showed,damage of PAT structure in apple juice after ozone detoxification,toxicity disappear,apple juice safety could be significantly improved.