| Carbon nanofibers（CNFs）,a new material with both the characteristics of carbon materials and fiber materials,have been extensively used in the area of electrode materials,catalyst carriers for its good conductivity and large specific surface area.Excellent optical,electrical and mechanical properties,excellent biocompatibility and high catalytic activity make nano-metal oxide distinguished in the field of electrochemistry.In addition,nanostructured metal oxide is a hot material to make electrochemical sensor for its strong influence in electron-transfer dynamics.Electrospinning technique is a new well-controlled way to prepare one-dimensional nanofibers efficiently with ordinary equipment.Thus,this paper chiefly researches issues about making CNFs,Ni O,ZnO/NiO through electrospinning technique and calcination,and applying these materials mentioned above to make environmental hormone sensor and enzyme-free glucose sensor.The main contents of this thesis are roughly as follows:（1）The polyacrylonitrile nanofibers were fabricated by electrsopinning.Relevant experiments were designed through orthogonal design to investigate the comprehensive effection of tempreature,voltage,the concentration of polymeric solution,and the speed of charged-liquid.Besides,the morphology of PAN nanofiber in different experimental conditions through SEM.Through experimentalizing and analysing its result,we got the optimal electrospinning condition and made theoretical basises for the following experiment of fabricating composite nanofibers.Then,the PAN-based nanofibers were futher preoxidised and carbonized to form the carbon nanofiber.（2）We fabricated PAN-based nanofiber through electrospinning technique and carbon nanofiber with good conductivity by preoxidized and carbonized procedure.Furthermore,drip coating was used to make CNFs/GCE,which was then made Pd-CNFs/GCE through depositing nano-palladium.Besides,the morphology and structure of the material was characterized by TEM,and Pd-CNFs/GCE was made electrochemical characterization by CV and EIS.Then,the electrochemical behaviour of OP on the Pd-CNFs/GCE modified electrode was discussed.Through experimental optimization to the use level of drip coating,Scanning speed,the time of concentration under open circuit potential,the speed of the electro-deposition and the number of its turns,PBS based fluid of different pH,OP of different concentration were quantitatively analysed by cyclic voltammetry under the best condition.The result shows that Pd-CNFs/GCE is linear relationship between its ampere response current and the concentration of the OP ranging from 1.0×10-7to 1.0×10-4 mol/L.Its linear equation is I（μA）=0.503 C（μmol/L）+3.503,whose linear correlation coefficient R is 0.9944 with detection limit of 6×10-8 mol/L（S/N=3）.（3）NiO,ZnO/NiO nanofiber was made by electrospinning and calcination,and the morphology,structure and ingredient of as-fabricated nanofibers were successfully characterized by SEM,TEM and XRD.Besides,NiO/GCE,ZnO/Ni O/GCE was successfully made through modifying ZnO/Ni O on the surface of GCE.After carrying out electrochemical characterization on ZnO/NiO/GCE by CV and EIS and experimental optimization to the use level of drip coating,operating potential and total number,research of the electrocatalytic oxidation of glucose on the ZnO/NiO/GCE was done under the best experimental situation.It shows that when the concentration of glucose is between 0.5508.5μmol/L,ZnO/Ni O/GCE is linear relationship its ampere response current and the concentration of the glucose.Its linear equation is I（μA）=0.149 C（μmol/L）+2.158,whose linear correlation coefficient is 0.9984,the sensitivity and detection limit is 2079μA·(mmol·L-1)-1·cm-2 and 1×10-7 mol/L,relatively. |
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