| The triennial Premna puberula with similar growth status were used as the test materials of facility cultivation.The plant morphology,leaf biomass,physiological and biochemical indices of leaf,and the correlation between the regulation measures to improve leaf biomass and the yield and quality of Shenxian-tofu were studied by orthogonal design L9(34)involving base-manure amounts,pruning degree,topping time and picking times.The main results were as follows.1.The main factor affecting the leaf yield was picking times.The more times,the higher yield.With the decrease of picking times,the influence of base-manure amounts increased.The leaf yield of number 1 treatment which is more base fertilizer,heavy pruning,easier topping and frequent picking is the highest(69.94 g·plant-1).2.The different physiological and biochemical indexes of P.puberula leaves were susceptible to different factors.With the growth of plant,leaf water content decreased gradually,but increased when used more base fertilizer.The change regulation of chlorphyll content was roughly identical under different treatments.Appropriate picking was beneficial to delay the leaf senescence in the later stage of growth.The treatments which picked 4 times were higher than others in November.The vitamin C content increased along with picking times,the treatments which picked 7 times had maximum value in August(around 2.0 mg·g-1),then droped sharply,but went up again in the later stage.The soluble sugar content which first rised after the fell to rise again was relatively high with frequent picking in early and middle stage of growth,and had a higher value in July and November(400~600 mg·g-1)while had minimum in September(around 200 mg·g-1).However,the soluble sugar content were lower with other treatments(250~350 mg·g-1)while increased obviously in November(﹥500 mg·g-1).All the treatments had a not significant inflence to the starch content which were higher before June(﹥800 mg·g-1)and decreased gradually with growth of plant.The change regulation of soluble protein content was similar but the content varied with differnet treatments.The protein content was susceptible to picking frequently,while that would improve by reducing picking times appropriately.The change of pectin content had a trend of rise first then fall and was similar to each treatments,but different treatments had different range.3.The P.puberula leaves could not made of Shenxian-tofu before June and after October.Frequent picking could rise the leaf yield,and rise the weight of leaves that could made of Shenxian-tofu.The nutrient of Shenxian-tofu was composed of water,soluble sugar,soluble protein and pectin.However,only pectin content had significant correlation between leaves and Shenxian-tofu,the correlation coefficient is 0.44.These results suggest that: we should apply enough fertilizer before a new growth cycle to ensure the nutrient supply and have more leaves.Pruning is a necessary measures to cultivate a good plant type,and the pruning degree depends on the growth of plants.In order to make sure the growth of secondary branchs,disposing with topping when primary branchs grow to 4~5 internodes.Picking levaes from June to September and the picking times depends on the growth of plants during planting.Picking tims effect the related indexes content of leaves,but have no effect on making Shenxian-tofu. |
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