| The development of human civilization inevitably transform the natural environment,while geological environment conditions restrict the human engineering activities.With the take-off of China's economy,science,technology and industry,the transformation of geological environment will inevitably become more frequent,and the occurrence of geological disasters will cause great losses to the people and the economy of our country.According to the national geological disaster bulletin statistics,in 2016,the size of various types of geological disasters in China 9710,of which landslides accounted for 76.2%,a total of 7403,natural disasters caused by 8937,accounting for 92.1% of the total.Landslide is the main type of geological disasters in China,natural factors are the main factors causing disasters.If we can identify potential landslides under natural conditions,and consciously avoid these areas in the process of engineering activities,we can effectively and effectively reduce the losses caused by geological disasters.Based on China geological survey,Xi An geological survey center project " The study of the early identification and disaster mechanism of the hidden geological disaster in concentrated mining area of mineral resources in Qinling Mountains " as the backing.We selected the vanadium mining area in Shanyang county to carry out the formation mechanism and early identification of landslide,the main contents are as follows:(1)The formation of landslide in this study area is mainly influenced by regional geological conditions.Before destruction three sides of the slope was empty,the anterior border gullies are deep and orthogonal to the tendency of the rock formation forming a consequent slope structure.Due to the inversion of the strata,the siliceous rocks and clay rocks of Cambrian Shuigoukou Formation is covered by the dolomite of the Dengying Formation of the Sinianis forming the “under hard and below soft” lithologic combination.Combined with the development of the structure of the dolomite rock,andthe corrosion effect is strong,the integrity of the slope becomes very poor.The analysis shows that the slope rock mass moves first along the weak rock,causing the stress concentration in the left side wall and the slope toe,finally the shear damage occurs.(2)First the Engineering geological rock of study area is divided into ? metamorphic rocks,? sedimentary rocks,? magmatic rocks and ? loose depositv according to the petrographic formation,a total of 4 class.Then the first three types were built in two types of slippery and stable strata,thus the Engineering geological rock of study area is divided into seven engineering geological rocks.(3)In the study area,the types of slope structures are divided into 5 types: the consequent slope,the consequent oblique slope,the lateral slope,the reverse oblique slope and the reverse slope.On this basis,according to the dip angle of rock formation,various slopes are divided into gentle,gentle dip,middle dip and steep slope.Finally,the slope of the study area is divided into 20 sub structural types.(4)Based on the geological characteristics of the study area are summarized,the slope lithology combinationzoning is divided into Unitary structure,Two element structure and Interbed structure of 3 types;Typical slope structures are divided into 5 types:block structure,vertical structure,reverse structure,gentle structure and steep dip structure;Finally,4 types of failure modes,including collapse,slip compression,tension fracture,slip shear fracture and flexural fracture,are discussed in detail.(5)Based on the analysis of geological characteristics of typical landslides in the study area,a landslide identification system is established.First of all,select “under hard and below soft” lithologic combination as the basic conditions,and then identify the potential unstable slopes by three indexes,namely,the consequent slope structure,the valley depth at slope front and the the structural plane of the slope rock mass is dense.Finally,using remote sensing identification technology to practice the system,and combining multi period images to identify the signs of slope deformation,the recognition results can basically meet the requirements. |
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