| Non-ferrous metal is an indispensable important raw material for national economy and China’s electrolytic aluminum,copper,nickel,lead,zinc,magnesium and other main non-ferrous metal production have ranked among the top of the world.Especially the electrolytic aluminum industry occupies more important position and role in national economy system and is the national important basic industry.As key technology equipment in the production of electrolytic aluminum industry,electrolytic aluminum pre baked anode conductive device for friction welding machine is still blank in China.The research of the device also has an important supporting role in accelerating the technological transformation and industry upgrading and upgrading,promoting regional economic construction and the construction of technology innovation system,expanding employment and the development of high-tech industries and promoting personnel training and other aspects.Taking 5000 KN aluminum electrolysis prebaked anode conductive device for friction welding machine guide mechanism as the research object,this paper studies the dynamic characteristics of guide column,guide rail(four pillar),auxiliary guide(two dovetail linear guide)and fixture by the combination of theory and finite element analysis and the fixture structure is optimized so as to realize the lightweight of the whole guiding mechanism and eliminate the creeping problem of the fixture in the process of running.The main research contents are as follows:(1)Taking 5000 KN aluminum electrolysis prebaked anode conductive device for friction welding machine guide mechanism as the research object,by analyzing the structure characteristics and making static,dynamic and harmonic response analysis of the guiding mechanism,it comes to the concludes of the linear guide pillar and static stiffness and strength,the first 10 order natural frequency and vibration mode and dynamic stiffness,etc.Although it can meet the operating requirements,the overall weight is too heavy,resulting in the crawling phenomenon in the running process.So it is necessary to optimize the overall structure of the steering mechanism to eliminate crawling phenomenon and reduce the overall weight.(2)This paper analyses the causes of crawling.It mainly dues to the static and dynamic friction factor between the clamp and the guide column is too large and lubrication is insufficient.On the one hand,by reducing the quality of the guide pin on the fixture to reduce the quality of the overall steering mechanism to obtain the appropriate friction factor,and guarantee that the friction factor can be reduced to a great extent by the effects of self-excited vibration motor.On the other hand,by choosing the appropriate lubricating oil additives can increase the viscosity of lubricating oil to reduce the movement instability caused by the guidance of the crawling mechanism.(3)Focusing on the problems in the above analysis and optimizing the structure of the steering mechanism,two optimization schemes are designed.Scheme one uses a guide column and vertical plate fixture with triangle and the bottom has two straight line guide rail;scheme two uses two guide posts,and vertical plate fixture with trapezoidal and the bottom has one linear guide.The two schemes both reduce the weight of the guide mechanism and eliminate the creeping phenomenon.The research methods and structure optimization schemes of the dynamic characteristics of the friction welding machine put forward in this paper can be applied to other types of heavy machine parts dynamic analysis and structure optimization,which also provide the basis for more complex heavy duty machine tool dynamic structure. |
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