Development Of Small-scale Composting Equipment And Drying Equipment For Domestic Waste

The pollution of domestic waste is becoming one of the most serious challenges,At present,the main methods of municipal solid waste disposal are landfill,incineration and composting,However,the traditional centralized disposal of MSW is not suitable for rural areas where waste generation is small and not concentrated.In recent years,due to the improvement of living standards and the change of lifestyle in rural areas,the production of domestic waste is increasing day by day,the impact of pollution of domestic waste on human settlements and agricultural production in rural areas should not be overlooked.Under the pressure of environmental pollution and the restrictions of rural areas,The development of miniaturized and environment-friendly garbage disposal devices for rural areas is a new way to control the pollution of rural domestic waste.This paper summarizes the common technology and its development trend of domestic waste composting and drying,and introduces the common equipment and its development direction of compost and drying technology,On the basis of this,combined with the characteristics of rural environment and domestic waste,a small aerobic composting device and a small rapid drying device were developed.According to the design requirements of the equipment,the main structure and the preliminary design scheme of the small aerobic composting device and the small drying device were determined.The shape and volume of the device,the transmission system,the mixing device,the heating device,the air supply device and the tail gas purification system were designed,and the whole model is built by means of 3D modeling and assembly,After improvement and perfection,the final design scheme is determined and the prototype is manufactured.Fruit and vegetable waste was co-composted with sawdust,corncob,wheat bran,rice husk and matured compost,The changes of temperature,moisture content,organic matter,electrical conductivity(EC),pH value,total nitrogen(TN)and germination index(GI)with time during the composting process were investigated.The results showed that moisture content and organic matter of all treatments gradually decreased with time,the final EC values were within the limits of the bounds in all treatments,Mixture with matured compost achieved the fastest organic matter loss and the total nitrogen content of final compost increased;Mixture with wheat bran achieved the highest temperature,longest high temperature period and the highest germination index,The results of this study suggest that wheat bran should used as amendment for fruit and vegetable waste compost.In the composting experiment of small aerobic composting equipment,the variation of the temperature of the reactor is only a small fluctuation,and is hardly affected by the external environment.The moisture content of the material has a more obvious gradual downward trend.Compared with the previous tests,the degradation of organic matter was significantly improved.At 15 d,seed germination index reached 86%,indicating that the material has reached maturity standards.In the drying test of the small quick drying device,the drying tests were carried out at three different temperatures of 100?,120 ? and 150? respectively.The device runs well and has good drying effect.The performance of the device was tested by the performance test of the prototype,the test results achieved the desired results,at the same time,in the course of the experiment,the defects and problems of the device design were found,and the corresponding improvement and improvement measures were put forward.