| Soybean,with Latin name of Glycine max（Linn.）Merr,is a leguminous plant,also known as soybeans,which is a kind of China’s main food crop.The soybean residue is a by-product of soybean products,rich in dietary fiber,protein,fattiness,isoflavone and carotenoid composition.β-cryptoxanthin or Beta-cryptoxanthin,is a kind of natural pigment monomer of the carotenoidpigment and one of the essential pigments in human blood,which can only be obtained through food intake,and human body is incapable of synthesizing it.β-cryptoxanthin can protect eyesight,scavenge free radical,whitenen the skin,promote skin to renewal,and with functions of anti-fatigue,prevention of osteoporosis,reduce the risk of arthritis risk,lowering blood pressure,prevention and suppression of cancer and other physiological functions.In this paper,us soybean residueas material,By ultrasonic assisted extraction and supercritical CO2 extraction to extract the content of β-cryptoxanthin the from soybean residue,and the optimum process conditions were optimized.Study on the optimization of saponification conditions of crude extract of β-cryptoxanthin,The effects of temperature,additives,pH and light on the stability of β-cryptoxanthinof soybean residue were studied.The results are as follows:1、The optimum parameters of ultrasonic assisted extraction of β-cryptoxanthin from soybean residueare determined.Using 99% ethanol as the supporter,The extraction conditions were optimized by three main factors,ultrasonic time,ultrasonic power and ratio m-aterial to liquid,The parameters are as follows: extraction time 53 min,material to liquid ratio of 1:22,ultrasonic power of 190 W,the yield of β-cryptoxanthin 307.488μg/100 g.The affecting factors of ultrasonic assisted extraction of the content of β-cryptoxanthin: Feed liquid ratio>Ultrasonic power>Ultrasonic time.The effects of feed liquid ratio and ultrasonic power on the yield was significant,which are the main influencing factors.2、The optimum parameters of supercritical CO2 extraction of β-cryptoxanthin from soybean residueare determined.Using 95% ethanol as the supporter.three factors including extraction temperature,extraction pressure,extraction time are screened with single factor,and optimized through the analysis of test response surface and finally we got the optimum conditions of β-cryptoxanthin supercritical CO2 extraction of soybean residue.The extraction temperature was 35℃,the extraction pressure was 28 MPa,the extraction time was 51 min,and the extraction rate of is183.961μg/100 g.The effect of extraction pressure and extraction temperature on the extraction yield is significant,which shows a significant effect on the extraction yield,while the extraction time had no significant effect on the extraction yield.3、The study on the saponification of the crude extract of β-cryptoxanthin: Sodium hydroxide anhydrous ethanol was selected as the best saponification lye,The four factors,including saponification time,saponification solution concentration,material liquid ratio and saponification temperature,ware selected by single factor test,The optimum saponification process is obtained: the saponification temperature is 37℃,the saponification time is 12 h,the ratio of material to liquid is 1:3.3,the concentration of saponification solution is about 8%,the absorption value of saponification is about 1.07133,and the saponification effect is the best.The order of the impact of various factors on soybean residue β-cryptoxanthin saponification test from large to small is as follows: the saponification temperature>solid-liquid ratio>saponification liquid concentration>saponification time,the influence of saponification temperature and solid-liquid ratio on the saponification rate of performance significantly,is the main effect of saponification test.4、Experimental results on the stability of β-cryptoxanthin in soybean residue:When the temperature at room temperature（19℃）-35℃,β-cryptoxanthin was stable,the remain rate was more than 90%,from35℃ to 40℃ β-cryptoxanthin was destroyed,the remain rate decreased to 70%,especially over 40℃,β-cryptoxanthin was not stable,large heat damage and the remain rate decreased to 57%,even after the high temperature of 90℃ for 5h,the remain rate was just about 20%,The effect of including VC,nwasin,EDTA and citric acid of four kinds of additives on the stability β-cryptoxanthin was little difference,these four kinds of additive concentration was 2mg/mL,β-cryptoxanthin was slightly unstable,the remain rate was as low as 90%,when the concentration of 4mg/mL,β-cryptoxanthin was stable,the destruction was not large,and the remainl rate was more than 90%.In the light of the conditions,β-cryptoxanthin has a good stability,the remain rate not appears a significant decline,the remain rate was maintained at 92%,under the UV-light,β-cryptoxanthin has a poor stability,after12 h the remain rate reached 84%.In the outdoor natural daylight,the stability of β-cryptoxanthin was extremely unstable and the degree of destruction was very large.After 12 h,the remain rate of β-cryptoxanthin was 23%.When pH was 8-12,β-cryptoxanthin remained stable,the extent of damage was low,the remain rate was maintained at 86%,when the pH was 4-5,β-cryptoxanthin was unstable,the remain rate was maintained at 50%,when the pH was 3,the remain rate of β-cryptoxanthin has a decline trend with time prolonging. |
