Study On The Industrialization Technology Of Shikonin Liposomes And Polysaccharides Of Lithospermum

The shikonin has many pharmacological functions,such as anti-inflammatory and bactericidal,anti-virus,and promoted granulation growth.The Lithospermum polysaccharide also has many functions,such as immunoregulation,anti-tumor,hypolipidemic,antiviral,and so on.The shikonin and lithospermum polysaccharide have been used in functional foods,pharmaceuticals,cosmetics and other industries.At present,liposomes have been mainly produced by reverse evaporation and freeze vacuum drying methods.The "RESS" method(Rapid expansion supercritical solution)by using supercritical-drying equipment for industrial production was seldom reported.Supercriticaldrying equipment were currently only prepared for nano-aerogols material by sol-gel method.In 2001,it was the first time that supercritical-drying aerogols had been completed the industrial production by the NASA corporation subsidiary ASPEN company of United States.It was successful piloted in 2006 in china.It is currently only three sets of Supercritical-Drying equipment of domestic(including one set used in this paper).Supercritical-Drying is different from Supercritical Extraction.Respectively,the corresponding drying kettle and extractor structure design is completely different.The former is based on the principle of "surface tension effect of gel particles",and the latter is based on the principle of "similar dissolution".The operation of the two processes are also different.The use of Supercritical-Drying equipment to produce plant extracts was seldom reported.At present,shikonin(naphthalene pigment)is mainly produced by the solvent method.Total naphthoquinone content was less than 30%.And the product was not the state of dry liposome powder.The residual solvent content in the product was high.The oily liquid was difficult to be absorbed by the human body.The Supercritical CO2 Extraction Equipment have been industrialized.But the current industrial production focused on the extraction of Lithospermum oil extract(fatty acid ethyl ester compounds),rather than the extraction of shikonin.The medicinal value of shikonin extract was low.Meanwhile,the polysaccharides of Lithospermum could not be effectively utilized in the residue of residue extracted.In this paper,the preparation of high content Nano-Liposome of shikonin was studied.Shikonin was extracted by solvent method,and the solvent was selected as ethyl acetate.And then though the supercritical CO2 extraction method,removed the excess solvent ethyl acetate.Finally,it was the lithospermum oil adsorb and separate by the molecular sieve that obtain high content of shikonin under the supercritical state.It was the optimum production conditions that the control pressure was 23 Mpa and the control temperature was 30?.The shikonin with higher content could be obtained when the pressure of the separation column was 5.5Mpa and the temperature was 43? centigrade.Including the 3A molecular sieve with strong adsorption capacity for fatty acid grease.Then the shikonin liposomes was prepared by supercritical fluid rapid expansion(RESS)method.The experimental results showed that the optimum conditions were as follows: the supercritical pressure was 22.0MPa,the ultrasonic power was 262 KW,the molar ratio of SPC-OSAS to shikonin was 2.05,the temperature was 35?,the embedding time was 2 hours,the solution flow rate was 15L/min.According to the above process conditions,the water solubility of the shikonin liposomes was 604.86 g/mL,which was 5.29% difference from the theoretical value.This conforms to the error of industrial production.The particle size of liposomes was detected by the universal stability analyzer.The stability of the liposomes was contrasted by the imported tea tree oil liposomes and penicillin liposomes.The results showed that shikonin liposomes were confirmed by infrared spectroscopy.The content of total naphthoquinone in the liposomes determined by HPLC was between 52% and 65%.The average particle size of the liposomes was 10 nm.The gravimetric sedimentation test showed that the stability of liposomes was better than that of the two contrast samples.It is an innovation to solve the problems of sealing and pressure resistance of the drying kettle in the RESS process method.Supercritical-Drying process is a kind of Nano-lipid granule,which leads to agglomeration of powders.The vibration function of ultrasonic could be used to solve the problem of agglomeration of liposome powder.Ultrasonic system had high sealing requirements for components of hydraulic control system,and supercritical pressure drying equipment had high pressure resistance requirements,and these two aspects were difficult to achieve unity.Finally,the structure design of pot body with multi-layer strapping and vacuum cavity is adopted to achieve the goal.The ultrasonic work system is arranged in the cavity of the kettle body.A multi-layer solder joint structure is adopted to prevent the pressure leakage.In this paper,the extraction route of polysaccharide of Lithospermum from erythrorhizon was studied.After the salting out and precipitation of the aqueous extract of shikonin,the removal of small molecular polysaccharides could be achieved by membrane separation process.Finally,after the precipitation of ethanol and the decolorization by the activated carbon,vacuum freeze-drying,and the powder of polysaccharide granules was obtained.According to the best process conditions produced in this paper,the reproducibility could be achieved every time.The results of this paper could provide reference for further processing of Shikonin.The results of this paper also provide reference for the industrial separation and purification of Polysaccharides from Shikonin..