A New Polymer Supported Titanium Phosphate Nanoflower Coating For Enhanced Lead Ion Removal

In recent years,heavy metal pollution in waters is becoming a serious issue,which poses a severe threat to human health and safety.To date,various methods have been proposed to handle the heavy metal purification.Among these technologies,adsorption is a promising approach,due to low cost,efficient and environmental benign property.It has been widely used in heavy metal remeditiation.In this paper,two novel adsorbents were successfully prepared by a simple synthetic method,i.e.titanium phosphate nanoflowers and polystyrene based titanium phosphate(denoted as TiP-001),the prepared adsorbents were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),specific surface area analysis(BET)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)investigation.The detailed lead(II)uptake behaviors were evaluated by bach test and continuous application and it also provide feasible technical support for the safety control of heavy metal in water.The prepared titanium phosphate material exhibits a unique flower-like morphologhy with an average width about 50 nm,and the molecular formula of titanium phosphate was ?-Ti(HPO4)2·H2O.The maximum adsorption capacity for lead uptake can reach 3663 mg/g,which is higher than all the adsorbents reported and a rapid adsorption process can be achieved in 2 mins in different initial Pb(II)concentrations.In addition,the obtained nanoflower materials also displayed a a broad pH range for lead removal(2.0-7.0)and efficient sorption selectivity.More importantly,the continuous tests were also conducted and the effluents were lower than 1 ?g/L,partly even below 0.1 ?g/L,which is far below the drinking water standard recommended by WHO(10 ?g/L).The exhausted materials can be readily regenerated for at least ten cycles without significant capacity loss.In order to solve the shortcomings of inorganic nanoflower for seperation,the above titanium phosphate nanoflower was coated on the surface of a macroporous cation exchange resin by the adhesion of alcohol butyl ester,which also obtained the large adsorption capacity(Qm~1250 mg/g),a wide pH range for adsorption(2.2-6.5),rapid kinetics(~3 minutes)and superior selectivity.In addition,the column adsorptionexperiment showed that 1 Kg TiP-001 composites can treat 26500 kg lead wastewater with trace effluent,which is below the WHO drinking water standard recommended(10 ?g/L).all the results indicated that the polymer supported titanium phosphate composite(TiP-001)has a good social,environmental and economic significances.