Preparation And Application Of Asphalt Based Porous Carbon Materials

The novel carbon based materials,including High specific surface area of porous carbon,Lipophilic and hydrophobic macroporous carbon materials,have potential applications in various fields,such as gas storage and energy storage due to their excellent gas adsorption,oil absorption,electrochemical and other properties.However,the synthesis of this carbon based materials in an efficient,environmental and economy way is still a challenge.In this paper,Benefiting from the natural nano-size graphene-structure in low vale asphalt material,facile routes are presented to produce high quality novel carbon-based materials including emulsion-based activated carbons(ACs)and asphalt-based melamine sponge(AMS),and their application in gas adsorption and oil absorption are also stuied respectively.In addition,we also investigated the effect of liquid phase properties on the oil absorption properties of macroporous carbon materials.Asphalt emulsion-based activated carbons(ACs)with ultrahigh surface areas are synthesized directly from low-vale AEu by one-step carbonization and KOH activation for the first time,exhibiting great potential to CO2 and CH4 storage in large-scale.After KOH activation,the surface area of AC4 reach up to 2736m2/g,and its adsorption for CO2 and CH4 at 298 K and 20 bar grew to 19.31 mmol/g and 9.85 mmol/g respectively.While under 298 K and 1bar the uptake of CO2 and CH4 on AC2 was respectively up to 3.97mmol/g and 4.22mmol/g.In this paper,three kinds of highly hydrophobic and highly lipophilic asphaltene / melamine sponge based macroporous carbon material(AMS)were synthesized by using a simple and efficient dip-coating and carbonization process with commercially available melamine sponge as the macroporous template and cheap petroleum asphalt as carbon source.One of them is the macroporous carbon material AMS-d,which is using DOA(rich in asphaltene)as carbon source.Second of them is the macroporous carbon material AMS-a,which is prepared by using petroleum asphalt as carbon source.Thirdly,considering the volatile organic solvents,in this paper we prepare a large porous carbon material(AMS-e)by using emulsified asphalt as carbon source,thus avoiding the use of organic solvents.Its oil absorption capacity is up to 90-246 times of its own weight,significantly higher than the above two materials.In this paper,we investigate the effects of liquid phase properties on the oil absorption performance of asphaltene/melamine sponge composite macroporous carbon materials.The results show that both the organic solvent and the surfactant can effectively reduce the surface tension of the aqueous solution and reduce the contact angle of the droplet on the surface of the sponge.However,the addition of salt solution can increase the surface tension and contact angle of aqueous solution,which is not conducive to the absorption of liquid.Therefore,the sponge carbon have a good absorption of sewage with organic solvents and surfactants,and have little effect on high salt wastewater.