Preparation Of Graphene Oxid/azo Polyimide Waveguide Material And Thermo-optic Property

Polyimide(PI)has excellent physical and chemical properties,such as: high temperature resistance,chemical stability,outstanding physical strength and other characteristics;and it has been widely used in the field of engineering materials.Azobenzene(AZO)molecule has unique optical response and has great potential applicationsin in optoelectronics,optical storage,optical switching and other fields.Graphene and graphene oxide(GO)have been found to have excellent thermal,mechanical,electrical properties and large specific surface areas,and have been shown to have a full range of theoretical and practical applications.As a photoelectric functional material,it can be made of small size,low energy consumption of photovoltaic devices.In this paper,a new type of graphene oxide/azo polyimide thermal functional waveguide material is developed according to the properties of GO,the photoreaction of AZO material and the properties of PI.According to the different structures of dianhydride and azo chromogenic molecules,biphenyl type oxide graphene/polimide(AFGO/ACPI),benzene type oxide graphene/polyimide(AFGO/API),heterocyclic type oxide graphene/polyimide(AFGO/SAZOPI),bisazo-type graphene polyimide(AFGO/BISAZOPI),and graphene/poly Imide material(AFGO/PI)were studied in this paper.The structures,thermal stability and surface stability were characterized by UV-Vis,IR-IR,NIR,TG and SEM.The refractive index of the five polymers at different temperatures and different excitation wavelengths was determined by attenuating total reflection device(ATR).The thermal coefficients(dn/ dT)of the five kinds of polymers were studied.The Y-type and MZI-type thermo-optical switch were simulated with the five oxide graphene/polymer as the waveguide material,the power consumption and response time of two kinds of thermo-optical switches were simulated.The specific content is:(1)Oxidized graphene(GO)was prepared by modified Hummers method,and then the functionalized enriched graphene(AFGO)was prepared by further functionalizing GO with ethylenediamine modifier.Monomer(NDPD)was preparedby diazo-coupling reaction with m-phenylenediamine and p-nitroaniline as raw materials.NDPD and excess biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride as monomer,anhydride group-terminated azo polyimide prepolymer was synthesized;and then the AFGO was synthesized by solution polymerization method,the biphenyl type oxide graphene polyimide(AFGO/ACPI)was preparated.The thermal coefficients of the materials at different light excitation wavelengths were-9.16×10-4(532nm),-7.56×10-4(650nm)and-4.82 × 10-4(850nm)oC-1,respectively.According to the charge-coupled device(CCD)digital imaging equipment technology,the optical transmission loss was 0.3dB/cm.The AFGO/ACPI composites were used as the waveguide materials of the Y branch switch and the MZI type thermo-optical switch.The main parameters of the two switches were simulated and analyzed.The results were as follows: the heating power of the Y-type thermo-optical switch is 0.93 m W.The response time is 1.8ms;compared to Y-type thermal switch,the power consumption of MZI-type thermal switch is 2.31 mW,the response time is only 0.4ms.(2)Anhydride-terminated azo polyimide prepolymer was by using NDPD and excess pyromellitic anhydride as monomer;and then the benzene-type oxide graphene polyimine(AFGO/API)was synthesized by solution polymerization method with the AFGO.The thermal coefficients of the material at different light excitation wavelengths are-7.22×10-4(532nm),-6.20×10-4(650nm)and-5.84×10-4(850nm)oC-1,respectively.The loss is 0.167 dB / cm.The AFGO/API composites were used as waveguide materials,Y-type thermo-optical switch and MZI-type thermo-optical switch simulation were analyzed and the results are the Y-type thermal switch heating power is 0.63 mW,the response time is 1.8ms;the heating power consumption of the MZI-type thermal switch is 1.45 ms,MZI-type thermal switch response time is 0.5ms.(3)Diamine amide azobenzene(SAZO)monomer was prepareted by diazo-coupling reaction with using 2-aminobenzothiazole and m-phenylenediamine as raw materials.Anhydride-terminated azo polyimide prepolymer was synthesized with SAZO and excess hexafluorotetracarboxylic dianhydride(6FDA)as monomer,heterocyclic type oxide graphene polyimide(AFGO/SAZOPI)was prepared bysolution polymerization method.The thermal transmittance of the waveguide is-9.3×10-4(532nm),-8.9×10-4(650nm)and-6.6×10-4(850nm)oC-1,respectively.The transmission loss of the waveguide is 0.167dB/cm,The heating power of the Y type is3.6mW,the response time is 1.8ms,the heating power of the MZI type is 9.0m W,and the response time of the Y-type heat switch and the MZI type thermal light switch are1.8ms and 0.3ms,respectively.(4)Monomer(BISAZO)was prepared by two diazo-coupling chemical reactions with m-phenylenediamine,aniline and p-nitroaniline as reaction materials.The anhydride-terminated azo polyimide prepolymer was synthesized with BISAZO and excess hexafluorotetracarboxylic dianhydride(6FDA)as the monomers.Then,the bisazo-type graphene polyimide(AFGO/BISAZOPI)was prepared by solution polymerization.The thermal transmittance of the material is-9.8×10-4(532nm),-9.0×10-4(650nm)and-8.8×10-4(850nm)oC-1,respectively.The waveguide transmission loss is 0.16dB/cm.The AFGO/BISAZOPI composites were used as two kinds of heat waveguides.The simulation results were as follows: the heating power of Y-type thermo-optical switch is 0.8mW,the response time is 1.6ms and the power consumption of MZI-type thermo-optical switch was 2.0mW.The response time is0.3ms.(5)Monomer(AZO1)was prepared by using 2-aminobenzothiazole,aniline and m-phenylenediamine as raw materials,and then m-phenylenediamine,aniline and p-nitroaniline was used as raw materials.And then the bisazobenzene molecule(AZO2)was prepared.And then the graphene azo Benzene polyimide(AFGO/PI)was prepared by the solution polymerization method with AZO1,AZO2 and excess hexafluorotetracarboxylic dianhydride(6FDA)as monomer.The thermal transmittance of the material is-10.8×10-4(532nm),-9.5×10-4(650nm)and-8.1×10-4(850nm)oC-1,respectively,and the waveguide transmission loss is 0.29dB/cm.The heating power and response time of the Y-type and MZI-type thermo-optical switches are 0.84 mW,1.8ms,2.15 mW and 0.3ms,respectively.The results show that the response time of the MZI type thermo-optical switch is faster,but the heatingpower of the Y-type thermo-optical switch is relatively small.