Preparation Method And Application Research Of Emulsion From Helianthus Tuberosus L. Eaves Extracts

Jerusalem artichoke(Heliantus tuberthus L.)is a kind of Asteraceae Helianthus perennial annual herb.At present,researches and development of artichoke products are usually concentrated on tuber and stem,which resulted in a lot of waste because the majority of leaves of Jerusalem could not have been effectively used.Leaves of Jerusalem has been used in a small amount of active substance research,however,the use of the preparation of the emulsion used in pest control by artichoke leaf extracts has not been carried out.Botanical pesticides have less pollution,quick effect,low damage to human and livestock,suitable for people to develop vigorously.Therefore,it has important ecological value,economic and social significance by using artichoke leaf extracts emulsion preparation to develop new fungicides and herbicides.The main work of this thesis is to study preparation method and application of emulsion from Helianthus Tuberosus L.leaves extracts through the indoor experimental method using dichloromethane and water-saturated n-butanol emulsion,the growth inhibition effect(0.25 mg/ml,0.50 mg/mL,0.75 mg/ml,1.0 mg/ml)of this three kinds of pathogenic fungi(Fusarium graminearum,rice blast pathogen,Magnaporthe grisea,chestnut anthrax bacteria)and the influence on the growth of these three kinds of pathogenic fungi hyphae.The main results are summarized as follows:1.Leaves of Jerusalem immersed in 70%ethanol(w/v ratio from 1:6 to 1:4)were treated according the method:extraction for 25-30 days,stirring 3-5 times a day,every time for 2 to 5 minutes,then extraction,rotary evaporation,concentration,and ultimately to achieve the target extracts:dichloromethane extract and water-saturated n-butanol extract.2.In the preparation of Helianthus tuberosus leaves methylene chloride emulsion process,the eight kinds of solvents(methanol,anhydrous methanol,ethanol,ethyl acetate,N,N-dimethyl formamide,dimethyl sulfoxide,xylene,benzene)were screened,and ethanol was the best.The material ratio was 1:4.The 7 kinds of emulsifier(chitosan,Twain 20,Twain 80,NP-10,OP-10,OP-15,farm milk 100)were selected,and the emulsifier combination of Chitosan/DBS-Na,OP-10/DBS-Na and NP-10/DBS-Na were better.Methanol and cyclohexanone were screened as cosolvent or auxiliary surface active agent and transparent phenomenon appeared during 0?50?.The emulsion was stable when water quality was below the 342 mg/L(calcium carbonate concentration meter),and the pH value of the preparation was 5-8.Under above conditions,the emulsion was stable,and the heat storage was better.3.Before Jerusalem artichoke leaf water saturation was butanol emulsification process,eight kinds of solvents(methanol,anhydrous methanol,ethanol,ethyl acetate,N,N-dimethyl formamide,dimethyl sulfoxide,xylene,benzene)were screened.The results were:ethanol was best for extract,material 1:4 dissolving was best.Then 7 kinds of emulsifier(chitosan,Twain 20,Twain 80,NP-10,OP-10,OP-15,farm milk 100)were selected,and the emulsifier combination of Twain 80/DBS-Na,OP-15/DBS-Na and NP-10/DBS-Na were better.methanol and cyclohexanone screening were selected as cosolvent or auxiliary surface active agent.In 5-50? emulsification appeared transparent phenomenon and water quality below 342 mg/L(calcium carbonate concentration meter)the emulsion was stable.And the pH value of the preparation 5-8,the emulsion was stable,and the heat storage was better.4.The two kinds of artichoke leaf extract emulsion had a significant inhibition on mycelial growth(dichloromethane,n-butanol saturated with water)of the three pathogenic fungi(Fusarium graminearum,rice blast fungus,chestnut anthrax bacteria)which effect size was as follows:1.0 mg/mL>0.75 mg/mL>0.50 mg/mL>0.25 mg/mL>water>CK.The inhibitory effect was most significant to the three pathogenic fungi when Jerusalem artichoke leaf extracts emulsion was at a concentration of 1.0 mg/mL.Through the research of this study,Jerusalem artichoke leaf extract for preparing emulsion could been applied to the prevention and control of plant diseases,which provide a new applications and ideas for Jerusalem artichoke industry and it had an important research value and application prospects.