Toxic Effects Of Heavy Metal Cadmium On Different Artemia Populations

In this paper, halobiont Artemia was chose as the research object,cadmium chloride (CdCl2), a typical heavy metal solution, was selected as a contaminant. We investigated the effects of Cd2+ on the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase from Micrococcus Lysodeikticus (CAT),peroxidase (POD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, as well as the toxic effects of Cd2+ on Artemia, in order to provide basis for pollution accident treatment. Secondly, we compared the cadmium tolerance and the antioxidant enzyme system of Artemia in different reproductive methods, and provided some reference for the study of cadmium tolerance mechanism of Artenmia. It is hoped that the cadmium can play a useful role in the prevention and control of aquatic organisms scientific basis. This paper obtained the following conclusions:1. A cute toxic effects of CdCl2 on Artemia(1) The 24-hour lethal concentration 50 (24 h-LC50) and 48-hour lethal concentration 50 (48 h-LC50) of Aretmia parthenogenetica of BoHai (BHG),Bisexual Artemia of BoHai (BHL) and Great Salt Lake Artemia (GSL) were calculated in different concentration gradient CdCl2 solution. LC50 of three types of Arelmia order was BHG < BHL < GSL, which means BHG was more sensitive to Cd2+ than other Artemia strains, GSL had the strongest tolerance to Cd2+. The toxic effect of Artemia parthenogenetica was greater than that of Bisexual Artemia, which indicated that Bisexual Artemia was more adaptable to the complex and changeable environment. The 24 h-LC50 of BHG was 1.30 g·L-1,the 24 h-LC50 of BHL was 1.55 g·L-1,the 24 h-LC50 of BHL was 1.76 g·L-1. The 48 h-LC50 of BHG was 0.93 g·L-1, the 48 h-LCso of BHL was 1.12 g·L-1, the 48 h-LC50 of BHL was 1.13 g·L-1.(2) The mortality and CdCl2 concentration showed a significant dose-effect relationship, and the difference between the tested animals was also significant. According to the classification criteria of aquatic toxicity, CdCl2 is superior to the acute toxicity class of Artemia, and therefore the acute toxicity result of Artemia is significant as an indicator of CdCl2 toxicity.2. Toxic effect of CdCl2 on oxidation systemIn this study, different concentrations of CdCl2 solution were used to treat Artemia for 24h and 48h, the results showed that the activities of three kinds of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, POD) all increased first and then decreased, while MDA content increased with the increase of Cd2+concentration. The overall level of antioxidant enzyme activity of Artemia parthenogenetic was higher than that of Bisexual Artemia, and the increase of MDA content was also more than that of Bisexual Artemia. Indicating that the treatment of CdCl2 solution resulted in different degree of oxidative damage of Artemia, and the degree of oxidative damage of Artemia parthenogenetic was significantly greater than that of the same concentration group. The results showed that Artemia parthenogenetic was ’more sensitive to contaminant stress, and the resistance of Bisexual Artemia was more resistant to adversity.