Hydrogen Production Form Glucouse By Layerd Double Oxides (LDO)

Hydrogen(H2)is a gas that has been widely used by the chemical industry and has been known as a good potential energy.The increase in energy needs has led of a demand for alternative methods for hydrogen production.This gas is considered an alternative of the derivatives fossil fuels due to the possibility for being used in fuel cells.Hydrogen production from renewable biomass resources has significance to solve the shortage of fossil energy,hence,the interest in investigating alternative,cleaner processes.Because hydrogen is regarded as a clean energy.The heterogeneous photocatalytic processes,based on semiconductor nanoparticles have been gaining interest that is more commercial.Mainly due to the possibility of using solar energy as a source of irradiation.This work intends to study the photocatalytic production of hydrogen from D-(+)-Glucose.Photocatalytic reforming of glucose-derived compounds is an efficient method for the production of hydrogen.The purpose is to study the effect of metal ions for layered double oxides LDO materials by loading Pd and the investigation into hydrogen production from glucose.The structure of Layered double oxides in the catalysts were characterized by XRD,UV-vis,SEM,EDS,TEM,BET and XPS.In this work,two different groups of catalysts have been prepared.First group of the catalyst was prepared in the center of sodium bicarbonate for(M+2 = Zn,Mg and Ni)M+2/Ti+4 Al+3-LDHs layered double hydroxides.The metal cations in the layer were distributed through the preparation of the catalyst process by ion and atom scale between the layer dispersed systematic as well as the controlled component catalysis.It is then loaded Pd 1.0 wt%on the catalyst,and measure the effect of the composite catalyst layered double hydroxides.After calcining the catalyst for conversion of LDHs to LDO to produce hydrogen gas from glucose.This process show that ZnTiAl-Pd-LDO was the best effect of catalyst in producing hydrogen then NiTiAl-Pd-LDO and MgTiAl-Pd-LDO.The second group catalyst was prepared by using hydrotalcite precursors as a dynamic Urea for production of ZnTi-LDHs.Different molar ratios(2:1)(3:1)(4:1)of Zn2+/Ti4+-LDHs layered double hydroxides,where used as catalyst contain ion and atom scale between the layers dispersed systematic as well as the controlled component catalysis.It is then loaded Pd 1.0 wt%by the catalyst,and measure the effect of the composite catalyst layered double hydroxides.After calcining the catalyst for conversion of LDHs to LDO to produce hydrogen gas from glucose.This process show that 4:1 Zn-Ti-Pd-LDO,the best effect of catalyst in producing hydrogen as compared to effect of 3:1 Zn-Ti-Pd-LDO,and 2:1 Zn-Ti-Pd-LDO.