| Glass fiber reinforced polymer composites in recent years have been known in the field of marine engineering for its advantages of light weight, high strength, corrosion resistance and electrical insulation, etc. Pultrusion process is one of the important molding methods to prepare composite profiles. It is a low-cost method and the profiles have good performance and high fiber content. When using the composite in marine engineering, we should consider the marine environment factors such as the salt mist environment, light aging and medium corrosion. In this paper, we studied on the characteristics of vinyl ester resin and its curing behavior under different conditions, obtained the pultruded profiles preparation process. We prepared the profiles of glass fiber reinforced vinyl ester resin and evaluated the resistance to neutral salt mist corrosion, xenon lamp aging and chemical corrosion of composite profiles. The composite profiles were used as the frame of the photovoltaic module which would be used in marine environment. After a long-term testing the mechanical properties of composite profiles and the effect on the characteristics of the photovoltaic cells were evaluated.Before the material preparation, the pultrusion mold ability of vinyl ester resin was evaluated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to study the structural properties of vinyl ester resin. It showed that the resin has ester bonds, unsaturated double bond and methyl,and all of this made the vinyl ester resin has good corrosion resistance and able to cure fast, it is suitable to pultrusion. The thermal resistance of the vinyl ester resin was analyzed by thermal gravimetric test, and its thermal decomposition temperature was high. The vinyl ester resin can be used in high ambient temperature.Finally, the vinyl ester resin curing behavior under different conditions was studied by differential scanning calorimetry method and the process parameters were determined. With the increase of heating rate, the curing time advanced and the curing reaction changed dramatically,and we got the curing parameters by the method of least squares. When the high temperature and low temperature initiator content are 1 % and 0.3% respectively, we got the better composite profiles.The composite profiles were prepared by pultrusion and the corrosion resistance and aging resistance of composite profiles were evaluated. After 1000h in the neutral salt spray chamber,the weight of composite materials increased, and the mechanical property of composite materials were still high. The samples were immersed in acid, alkali, salt, water and organic solvent at 80℃, after 28 days of immersion test, the rates of mass change were different, and the Barcol hardness of the samples decreased. After 1000h aging test in the Xenon lamp aging chamber, the composite profiles painted with fluoride polyurethane semigloss enamel had higher mechanical properties retained than the composite profiles not paintedThe pultruded composite profiles were used as solar module frames and carried out the marine environment test. After a long term test, there were no obvious defects on the appearance of the photovoltaic modules and the retention rate of the frame mechanical properties remained high. The maximum power attenuation of the photovoltaic modules were less than 5%, so the pultruded composite profiles can be used as photovoltaic modules frame in marine environment. |
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