Biological Yield And Nutritional Value Evaluation Of Wheat

In this paper,the biological yield and nutritional composition of wheat in different harvest time and different organs was systematically studied,the processing technology of wheat flour and the nutritive value of wheat bran were evaluated.Comparative study on biological yield:six wheat varieties with the same planting conditions were selected,which were silty wheat(Shannong 8355,qimin 1301,zimai 12)and horny wheat(Shannong No.22,Shannong No.28,Shannong No.31).At 2,1and 0 weeks before full ripe stage,the wheat plants were selected according to the five point sampling method,wheat was harvested to 5-cm stubble height for fresh biomass yield.One hundred strains of isolated upper part of stem,lower part of stem,wheat seed and glume,were measured in fresh and dry yield,and dry matter,crude protein and bioenergy production.The results show that:the fresh yield of stem decreased gradually with hvarest time extending(P < 0.05),dry matter,crude protein and bioenergy yield increased gradually(P < 0.01);seed and non seed ratio increased gradually(P < 0.01).The fresh yield of ear of horny wheat(P < 0.05),dry matter and bio energy yield of seed(P < 0.10),and crude protein yield of seed and whole plant(P < 0.10)were higher than silty wheat.Comparative study on the nutritional value of plants:the results of nutritional components in different harvest periods and different organs show that:dry matter content of stem,seed and glume increased gradually with hvarest time extending(P < 0.05),organic matter content of stem and seed increased gradually(P < 0.01),crude fat content of seed decreased gradually(P < 0.05);crude protein content of seed increased gradually,the crude protein content of non seed decreased gradually(P < 0.01);crude fiber,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber content of stem increased gradually(P < 0.05).On the fresh basis,dry matter and organic matter content in the lower part of stem of horny wheat were lower than silty wheat(P < 0.05);the content of crude fiber,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber of horny wheat were lower than silty wheat(P < 0.05).Wheat flour processing and nutritional evaluation of bran:the processing technology of wheat flour mill in different types of Shandong Province was investigated,different processing technology was classifyed according to the difference of wheat processing procedure and flour yield,and the nutritional components of wheat bran produced by different processing technology were studyed.The results show that:wheat processing technology could be divided into five kinds of milling process.The yield of wheat bran of the three powder technology(1)was 81%,40% and 18%,the yield of wheat bran of the three powder technology(2)was 70%,40% and 15%,the yield of wheat bran of the four powder technology was 64%,31%,19% and 16%,the yield of wheat bran of the five powder technology(1)was 80%,58%,38%,20% and 5%,the yield of wheat bran of the four powder technology(2)was 80%,32%,13%,5% and 2%.With the increase of the number of processes,the contents of dry matter and crude ash of wheat bran increased significantly(P < 0.01),the content of crude protein increased firstly and then decreased(P < 0.01),the content of crude fiber increased gradually and the content changed significantly(P < 0.01).In summary,the biological yield and nutrient content in different parts of wheat were changed with the harvest time,but there was no difference in biological yield and nutrient content with silty wheat and horny wheat;the nutritional components of wheat bran varied greatly with different milling techniques.