Study On Typical Pollution Source Of Perfluorinated Compounds In Shallow Groundwater System

Perfluorinated compounds(PFCs),with unique hydrophobic,oleophobic and chemical stability,have been widely applied to chemical raw materials,which are involved in the production of various industrial products.Due to the running,dripping,leakage and other sudden causes in the production process,leading to perfluorinated compounds enter into underground and contaminate groundwater.PFCs may be existed in the groundwater for very long time owing to its stability and recalcitrance which has brought severely threat to the human health.Therefore,it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the sources of perfluorinated compounds in shallow groundwater.There gathered the chemical,paper,textile,sewage treatment plants and other large enterprises,which has discharged a large amount of industrial wastewater into groundwater in the production operation process in the northern of a country.Wastewater which contains various components of PFCs has entered into the shallow groundwater in the study area through various ways,causing shallow groundwater being polluted.Therefore,this paper analyzes the pollution sources of perfluorinated compounds in the shallow groundwater of the study area so that provide a theoretical basis and guidance for the study of the prevention and control of perfluorinated compounds in shallow groundwater.The main contents and achievements of this paper are as follows:(1)Study on the characteristics of PFCs pollution in shallow groundwater system.According to the results of the perfluorinated compounds concentration in the shallow groundwater samples of the study area,11 perfluorinated compounds were detected,which were perfluorobutanoic acid(PFBA),perfluoropentanoic acid(PFPeA),perfluorohexanoic acid(PFHx A),perfluoroheptanoic acid(PFHpA),perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA),perfluorononanoic acid(PFNA),perfluorodecanoic acid(PFDA),perfluorodecane sulfonate(PFDoDA),perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFBS),perfluorohexanesulfonate(PFHxS),perfluorooctanesulfonic acid(PFOS).The spatial distribution of 11 perfluorinated compounds was plotted.(2)Identification of perfluorinated compounds pollution source in shallow groundwater.The qualitative identification of perfluorinated compounds in shallow groundwater in the study area was identified through factor analysis and fuzzy clustering analysis.The results show that the pollution sources are divided into three categories in the study area,which are chemical pollution sources,paper pollution sources and textile pollution sources,respectively.(3)Study on spatial distribution of perfluorinated compounds in shallow groundwater.Calculating each common factor scores and comprehensive factor scores,and then drawing out each common factor scores and its comprehensive due to the scoring of the pollution source spatial distribution map with Arcgis10.1 software.The results showed that the first common factor pollution source is mainly distributed in the eastern part of the study area,the second common factor which is paper pollution source and the third common factor which is textile pollution source are distributed in the western part of the study area.The chemical pollution source to get the highest scores by analyzing the synthetic factor scores chart.(4)Calculation of contribution rate of perfluorinated compounds in shallow groundwater.The contribution rate of each pollution source to the total perfluorinated compound pollution of shallow groundwater in the study area and the contribution rate of each type of perfluorinated compounds were calculated by multiple linear regression method(MLR).The results showed that the contribution rate of chemical pollution source,papermaking pollution source and textile pollution source to the shallow groundwater perfluorinated compounds were 68.00%,21.72% and 10.28%,respectively.The contribution rate of chemical pollution source is the largest to PFOA,PFBA,PFPeA,PFHxA,PFHpA,PFNA,PFDA,and PFDoDA in the shallow groundwater of the study area,the contribution rates were 98.41%,87.25%,90.77%,95.64%,94.97%,85.02%,80.58% and 68.95%,respectively.The contribution rate of paper pollution source was the highest for perfluorooctane sulfonate and perfluorobutane sulfonate,and the contribution rate was 84.27% and 85.53%,respectively.The contribution rate of textile pollution source is the largest to the perfluorohexane sulfonate,and its contribution rate is 91.34%.