Preparationand Propertiesof Aliphatic Alcohol Ether Polyurethane Surfactants

A series of cationic polyurethane surfactants(CPUS)were synthesized by polymerization reactions between 3-isocyanatomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexyl isocyanate(IPDI),N-methyldiethanolamine(MDEA)and aliphatic alcohol polyoxyethylene ether with different alkyl chainlength(such as AEO-2,AEO-5,AEO-9,O-2,O-5 and O-10).Based on the synthesis methods,the effect of difference structure on alcohol polyoxyethylene ether(alkyl chain length and epoxy ethane and sum Numbers),the concentration and types of additional electrolyte,and the pH on the surface tension and emulsifying power were researched.The properties of emulsion were measured by infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),molecular weight,surface tension and emulsifying power,which showed that the new cationic-nonionic type of PUS were synthesized when the reaction temperature was 75?,the reaction time was between 110 min and 140 min,sealing side reaction temperature was 70?.With the increasing R value,the viscosity of the aqueous dispersion gradually reduced,and it's appearance changed from yellow viscous,yellow translucent,to yellow transparent,when the R value was 1.8,uniformity and stability of emulsion dispersion.Whereas keeping the value of R unchanged,the results showed that with the increase of the carbon number of alcohol polyoxyethylene ether,the surfaceactivity and emulsifying power showed strengthening.But with the increasing ethylene oxidenumber,the surfaceactivity and emulsifying power all showed a trend of first increases then decreases,the study showed that when the alcohol polyoxyethylene ether was O-5,which had the lowest surface tension,critical micelle concentration,and highest emulsifying power.Its critical micelle concentration was 32.947mg/L with the surface tension of 34.142mN/m.In the presence of additional electrolytes,the surface tension of the surfactant was decreased,when the additional electrolyte was CaCl2,reduce the surface tension of the CPUS was most significant,and with the increase of concentration of additional electrolyte,the surface tension of the surfactant experienced a trend of first decrease and then increase.Adjustment the range of pH was acidic conditions with the HCl solution,the critical micelle concentration of CPUS had a little change,adjustment its for alkaline aqueous solution,the critical micelle concentration gradually decreases with the increase of pH.A series of nonionic polyurethane surfactants(NPUS)were synthesized by polymerization reactions between different molecular masses of polyethylene glycol(PEG-600,PEG-1000),hydrogenated phenyl methane diisocyanate(H-MDI)and aliphatic alcohol polyoxyethylene ether with different alkyl chain length(such as AEO-2,AEO-5,AEO-9).The structure of the products were characterized by FT-IR,the properties of emulsion were measured by molecular weight,laser-particle size analyzer,surface tension and emulsifying power.The experimental researches showed that with the increase of molecular weights of PEG,the surface tension increased from 39.423mN/m to 46.895mN/m,the critical micelle concentration increased from 37.537mg/L to 47.386mg/L.When the chain extender was polyethylene glycol(PEG-600)and the alcohol polyoxyethylene ether was AEO-5,which had the lowest surfacetension,critical micelle concentration,highest emulsifying powerand high foaming and foam stability.The critical micelle concentration of whose is 32.367mg/L and the surface tension can be as low as 38.346mN/m.The weak cationic CPUS chain embedded synthetic large tertiary amine salt structure as chrome tanning auxiliaries used in non-pickling chrome tanningof the middle and later process.The results showed that when the dosage of the tanning agent was 3%,the Ts of wet-blue leather was increase 12.2?,chromium content in the waste liquid from 3.60g/L to 1.96g/L.Compared with conventional non-pickling chrome tanning,chromium content in the wet-blue leather auxiliary tanned increased,and uniformly distributed,there was no obvious difference in the fiber dispersion degree of wet-blue leather observed by scanning electron microscope.The Ts of wet-blue leather was decreased significantly after disposing by sulphuric acid and sodium chloride,but slightly increased after disposing by sodium carbonate.