Research On The Measurement And Control System Based On Machine Vision For Tobacco Topping

Tobacco is one of the main economic crops in china,occupies an important position in the national economy,tobacco planting has become one of the important means to increase farmers' income and national finance and taxation.The technique of tobacco topping and bud suppression is an important method to improve the yield and quality of tobacco,if the topping work couldn't finished in time,various diseases can be caused,and the yield and quality of tobacco were significantly reduced too,If bud inhibitor is not timely smear after obacco topping,when axillary buds grow into smoke bifurcatio,where the smoke flowering consumes a large amount of water and nutrients.Therefore,it is necessary to carry out the tobacco topping and sprout control in proper period,ensure full growth of tobacco leaves,improve the yield and quality of tobacco.At present,there is no mature tobacco topping and sprout inhibiting machine in china,already developed the machine can not be adjusted according to the height of tobacco,according to this situation,on the basis of understanding the existing methods of tobacco topping,combined with current production conditions of china and machine vision technology,detection and control system which can accurately identify the position of the fireworks and control the completion of the top bud inhibition is developed,the system is installed in the topping machine to realize the intelligent tobacco topping and bud inhibiting activity for early flowering time.The main research work and innovations are as follows:(1)Overall design of detection and control system.The whole design of the control system of the tobacco topping sprout machine is designed.Combined with the mechanical characteristics of tobacco topping machine,determine the overall structure of the detection and control system design,the system is composed of detection system and control system.(2)The hardware of the detection system is set up which is suitable for the tobacco field,the system can complete the image acquisition and image processing in the tobacco field;the detection system uses the background board to separate the target fireworks and other fireworks in the tobacco field,and the quality of tobacco image can meet the requirement of image processing.(3)An algorithm of fireworks detection based on machine vision is developed,through the analysis of the collected tobacco image,get the threshold between fireworks and other objects,according to the characteristics of the detection system software design,realize real time tobacco image processing,quickly and accurately identify the location of tobacco flowers,and determine the movement distance of the topping device.(4)The control system of tobacco topping device was designed.The control system is composed of MCU,controller circuit,wireless transmission module,stepper motor driver,stepper motor,when the tobacco flower height information is detected,industrial computer transmits the signal to control system,and control the topping device to move to the designated position to complete the tobacco topping operation.(5)Control system of spraying and disinfection is designed.The system is mainly composed of single chip,infrared sensor,pressure pump and spray valve,when the infrared tube detects the topping tobacco,control the pressure pump to complete the spraying agent,at the same time,the single-chip microcomputer control the pressure pump to complete the blade disinfection.The tobacco field test showed that the control system of the tobacco topping sprout machine is stable,safe and reliable,the invention can effectively accomplish the intelligent topping and sprout inhibiting operation of tobacco at the initial flowering stage,detection accuracy rate of 98%,the accuracy of topping up to 96.8%,the accuracy rate of bud inhibitor was 90%,the effect of topping and bud inhibition can meet the agronomic requirements.