Major Nutrients And Functional Properties In Perilla Frutescens

Aiming at selecting the potential cultivar to popularize and providing the theoretical foundation,the study compares the components,contents and function of phenolic compounds,as well as essential oil,in different cultivars of perilla frutescens in Guizhou Province.At the same time,the optimum extraction conditions of seed oil and its fatty acids are analyzed.This study was mainly focused on the following aspects:(1)Phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities in perilla frutescens leafThe study compares the components,contents of phenolic compounds in different cultivars of perilla frutescens and evaluates the antioxidant activities in terms of ferric reducing antioxidant power(FRAP),2,2-Diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)free radical scavenging,2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid ammonium salt(ABTS)radical scavenging and hydroxyl radical(·OH)scavenging.The correlations between phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities are also analyzed.The results show that there are 11 phenolic components in perilla frutescens.Cultivars of P-04 and P-M183 are rich in phenolic contents,showing stronger antioxidant activities.Additionally,protocatechualdehyde,esculetin,caffeic acid,luteolin 7-O-glucuronide,rosmarinci acid and scutellarein make great contributions to antioxidant activities by analyzing the correlation between antioxidant activities and phenolic compounds.(2)Essential oil and antibacterial activities in perilla frutescens leafThe study optimizes the steam distillation extraction of essential oil through the response surface analysis method and compares the yield,components,relative contents of essential oil in different perilla frutescens leaf,evaluating the antibacterial activities by comparing the inhibition of Escherichia coil,Staphylococus aureus,Bacillus subtilis.The results show that the optimum conditions are sample-to-solvent ratiol:6,soaking time 2.1 h,extracting time 5.6 h.There are total 43 components in essential oil of different perilla frutescens leaf.Cultivars of P-04 and P-M183 are rich in essential oil,showing stronger antibacterial activities.(3)The extraction and fatty acids analysis of perilla frutescens seed oilThe study optimizes the ultrasonic-assisted extraction of seed oil through the response surface analysis method and analyzes its fatty acids components.The results show that the optimum conditions are sample-to-solvent ratio 1:18,ultrasonic temperature 58? and ultrasonic time 80 min.There are 11 fatty acids in seed oil,including alpha-linolenic acid,linoleic acid,oleic acid,palmitic acid,stearic acid and so on.The content of alpha-linolenic acid is up to 201.56 mg/g dry weight seed,which is 61.17%of the total fatty acids.The iodine number,acid value,saponification value,peroxide value indicate that the seed oil from perilla futescens has perfectly edible quality because it was not easy to be oxidized and rancidified.After overall comparison,cultivars P-04 and P-M183 are selected as the potential cultivars to be popularized because they are rich in phenolic compounds and essential oil,showing stronger antioxidant activities and antibacterial activities than others.