Detection And Health Risk Analysis Of Pb And Cd In Solanaceous Fruits Vegetables In Beijing Fangshan District

The amount of heavy metals in vegetables to a certain extent will hinder the growth of vegetables, and it will influence human health through food chain. This study selected tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers and eggplant four varieties vegetables in Fangshan, collected 207 samples in different sale places, determined Pb and Cd, preliminary analysised heavy metal pollution situation of Fangshan solanaceous fruits vegetables. And evaluated the safety of solanaceous fruits vegetables by single index and Nemero index, and compared the pollution discrepancy from different sale places. From the certainty point, heavy metal divided into chemical carcinogenic compounds (Cd) and non carcinogenic contaminants (Pb), based on different models assessment the safety of solanaceous fruits vegetables of Fangshan.The results show that, the average content of Pb and Cd in solanaceous fruits vegetables of Fangshan were 0.082 mg/kg and 0.021 mg/kg, and judged according to the national standard limit, the exceeding standard rate of Pb and Cd in solanaceous fruit vegetables of Fangshan were 5.8% and 0.97%. The heavy metal pollution in different sale places of solanaceous fruits vegetable varies considerably, residential vegetable market solanaceous fruits vegetables the exceeding standard rate of Pb and Cd were 11.67% and 1.67%, the average content of Pb was significantly higher than other sale places. Small supermarket solanaceous fruits vegetables the exceeding standard rate of Pb and Cd were 5.00% and 3.33%, vegetable cooperatives and large supermarket bulk solanaceous fruits vegetables only Pb exceeded and the standard rate was 2.31% and 4.17%, large supermarket packaging solanaceous fruits vegetables without heavy metals exceeded phenomenon.The single index of Pb and Cd of solanaceous fruits vegetables in Fangshan were not more than 1, the comprehensive pollution was 0.73, which reached the warning levels,4 kinds of vegetables single index of Pb and Cd were not over 1, the comprehensive pollution index of eggplant and tomato than 0.70, achieved warning level, peppers and cucumbers were in security levels. The single index of Pb was far greater than that of Cd, so the comprehensive pollution index was mainly affected by the Pb. In different sale places of Solanaceous fruits vegetables the single index of Pb and Cd were less than 1, but the small supermarket a sampling point and residential markets two sampling points single index of Pb more than 1, indicated that the solanaceous fruits vegetables in these sampling points polluted by Pb. Comprehensive pollution index of residential markets, small supermarkets and large supermarkets bulk more than 0.70, reached warning level, Vegetable cooperatives and large supermarket packaging were in security levels. Among them, the comprehensive pollution index of small supermarket a sampling point and residential markets two sampling points reached warning level.Based on deterministic model to assess the solanaceous fruits vegetables heavy metal exposure of Fangshan, the ADD of Pb and Cd in solanaceous fruits vegetables respectively were 4.76×10-4 mg/kg.d and 1.22×10-4 mg/kg.d. The heavy metal exposure of solanaceous fruit vegetables in different sale places were residential markets and small supermarket is relatively high, followed by the big bulk supermarket, the vegetable cooperatives and large hardcover supermarket is relatively low.Based on heavy metal chemical carcinogenic difference, evaluate the years hazard risk of Fangshan solanaceous fruits vegetables by chemical cadmium(Cd) model and non carcinogenic pollutants(Pb) model. The HQ of Pb, Cd and then-combined effect of Fangshan solanaceous fruits vegetables respectively were 4.86×10-8/a?1.22×10-4/a and 1.22×10-4/a, the paper only detected Pb and Cd, if assessment human health risks of Solanaceous Vegetables to human health risks comprehensively also need to detect other heavy metal residues, if the THQ of various heavy metal comprehensive effect was less than the International Commission on Radiation Protection (ICRP) recommended 5.0×10-5/a, that won't cause significant harm to the exposed population. The HQ of Cd was far greater than Pb, which showed that average annual risk of personal health hazards of solanaceous fruits vegetables in Fangshan Cd is relatively large. Compare average annual risk of personal health hazards of solanaceous fruits vegetables in different sale places the risk of Pb in residential markets were greater than other sale places, small supermarket the average annual risk of personal health hazards of Cd were larger than other sale places, the THQ of Pb and Cd combined was small supermarket> residential markets> big bulk supermarket>vegetable cooperatives> big hardcover supermarket. so comprehensive above results the relevant departments should strengthen supervision and management to the quality of solanaceous fruits vegetables in residential markets and small supermarket.