The Preparation Of Unsymmetrical Single-Component Excellent Elastic Polyester Fiber And The Study Of The Fabric Dyeing Property

As one of the sunrise products in textile industry, elastic polyester materials with outstanding comfort index are widely popular to customers in recent years. The side-by-side bicomponent polyester elastic fiber is the representative one, but there are some serious and troublesome issues with which are high costs in raw material & complicated processes and follow-up tentative dyeing techniques as well. Therefore, it's extremely crucial and necessary to exploit multifunctional single-component elastic fiber, which is always treated as the important development tendency.The unsymmetrical single-component self-crimping POY-DT fibers with low cost & simple process route and easy for massive industrialization were successfully prepared based on the design of out-of-shape spinneret plate & the key melt-spinning formation technologies and the control of parallel drawing process. The comprehensive performances were tested and evaluated about these fibers. Both heat treatment temperature?time and medium to fiber's structure and properties were drastically discussed. What's more, the selected fiber that owned optimal performances was weaved into knitted fabric, then was thermoformed for dyeing sample. Here, the dyeing process of this kind of knitted fabric was emphatically researched, at the same time, the dyeing properties of fabric in out-of-shape was compared with the conventional fabric.From the analysis on melt-spinning procedure, the result showed that polymer melt could cause distinct extrusion swell effect when extruded from the spinneret orifice, and it's this effect that would be immensely strengthened with the increasing orifice's angle. And fiber's structure also was changed, particularly, it was worth mentioning that the self-crimp ability of fiber was increased firstly and then decreased, moreover, the fiber's hygroscopicity was more eminent than the rounded shape one, and it became profoundly more apparent after thermal treatment; the orientation difference between the angle position and the arc position of fiber was enhanced and slightly reduced subsequently with the growing spinning speed; the improving pump extrusion capacity had contributed to form the unsymmetrical macromolecule structure of fiber, and this owned to the incremental temperature difference on its intersecting surface. in short, fiber's properties in all aspects proved to be the best under 60°in angle?2900m/min in spinning speed and 14r/min in pump extrusion capacity.By the research of parallel drawing process, it could be obviously discovered that different drawing ratios leaded to disparate self-crimp performances about fiber. This was still due to the orientation difference throughout the fiber, and when drawing ratio was 1.7, this self-crimp power gratifyingly reached to the maximum.Through the exploration of thermal treatment process, the conclusion distinctly was that the macromolecular structure of fiber was not put up a remarkable variation on different handle times, and its self-crimp came to the peak under approximate 10min's treatment. Amazingly, the influence of thermal treatment temperature to fiber's structure and performance was further exceeded to thermal treatment time, the result showed that the breaking strength was lowered while the breaking elongation was gone up under the ascending temperature, and this behavior weakened fiber's orientation degree, in addition, both crimp ratio and crimp recovery ratio were upward, but crimp rigidity was given the downtrend. The fiber was greatly sensitive to the heat treatment medium and its crimp features seemed to be better on the wet heat condition.After heat setting, the fabric's structure, to some degree, became steady. The shrinking percentage and the wicking characteristic of fabric were promptly dropped. Then fabric was dyed by using high temperature-pressure dyeing method in this paper, it could be obtained that the fabric's dyeing hoisting capacity was quite prominent so that its color could be deepened with the huge help of dyestuff dosage. Furthermore, the dyeing properties of fabric were largely boosted with higher dyeing temperature, unfortunately, the surface of fabric would be brought about some unevenness when temperature overtopped to 130?. The variation of bath ratio mainly had little to do with fabric's dyeability, and when taking environment into consideration, the unsymmetrical polyester material would be took into production with small bath ratio at 1:15. Finally, the dyeing process of fabric did, basically, no harm to its bursting strength in the study.Compared to the nummular fabric via representation of chromatic aberration?dye uptake and various color fastnesses, this single-component self-crimping textile material's dyeing quality was turned out to be preeminent, frankly speaking, it could not only meet higher dye uptake, but also keep the better level of color fastness. Meanwhile, its elastic capacity likewise was demonstrated to be superior, specially, the warp direction of fabric made a significant and decisive contribution to its entire elasticity.