Study On Preparation, Structure And Performance Of Transparent And Cold Resistant PVC Composite Materials

In this work, fracture toughness and properties of blends of plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and three kinds of polyester type TPU (NX-60A, 3360A and TB-82AD), four kinds of polyether type TPU (ER-80A, Bayer 60 A,1085 A and Bayer 70A), polyester type/polyester type(NX-60 A/3360 A), polyether type/polyether type (ER-80A/Bayer 60A), polyester type/polyether type (NX-60A/Bayer 60A) were investigated. We studied the transparency, mechanical properties, cold resistance and thermal stability of the blends with transmittance/haze tester, electronic universal testing machine, Izod impact tester, thermo gravimetric analyzer, DSC and SEM.The results are as follows:(1) Three kinds of plasticizers (DINCH, TOTM and ATBC) were blended with PVC respectively. The transmittance was 87.8%,88.7% and 87.0% accordingly, while the haze was 11.6%,11.0%and 13.7%. Tg of the blends was -29.6℃,-23.3℃ and -27.3℃.In this work, we chose DINCH as plasticizer to blend with PVC.(2) It showed that PVC/NX-60A blends and PVC/Bayer 60A blends had little effect on transparency of PVC, With the constant of TPU increasing, the tensile strength of the blends decreased, while the low temperature impact strength and the elongation at break were increased. Tg of the blends decreased evidently, the blends (PVC/NX-60A, PVC/Bayer 60A) decreased 6.4℃,8.0℃ respectively when the content of TPU was 7%.(3) Polyester type/polyester type (NX-60A/3360A) were added into the PVC. With the constant of TPU increasing, the tensile strength of the blends decreased, while the low temperature impact strength and the elongation at break increased. We found that when the ratio of NX-60A to 3360A was 2:1 the modification effect was best. The transmittance and haze of PVC/ NX-60A:3360A=2:1 blends were 76.8% and 21.7% respectively, and Tg of the blends decreased 5.5℃ when the content of TPU was 7%.(4) Polyether type/polyether type (ER-80A/Bayer 60A) were added into the PVC. With the constant of TPU increasing, the tensile strength of the blends decreased, while the low temperature impact strength increased, and the elongation at break was the first increased and then decreased and reached the maximum at 7%. We found that when the ratio of ER-80A:Bayer60A was 1:2, the modification effect was best. The transmittance and haze of PVC/ ER-80A:Bayer60A=1:2 blends were 76.6% and 21.6% respectively,and Tg of the blends decreased 8.3℃ when the content of TPU was 7%.(5) Polyester type/polyether type (NX-60A:Bayer60A=2:1) were also added into the PVC. With the constant of TPU increasing, the tensile strength of the blends decreased. At the same time, the low temperature impact strength and the elongation at break increased. The transmittance and haze of PVC/ NX-60A:Bayer60A=2:1 blends were 78.8% and 14.3%respectively, Tg of the blends decreased 7.5℃ when the content of TPU was 7%.(6) PVC/NX-60A blends, PVC/Bayer60A blends, PVC/NX-60A:3360A=2:1 blends, PVC/ER-80A:Bayer60A=1:2 blends and PVC/NX-60A:Bayer60A=2:1 blends could meet medical tracheal intubation requirements completely:The transmittance was more than 75.0% while the haze was less than 25.0%. The tensile strength, the elongation at break and the low temperature impact strength of blends were higher than 16.0MPa,200% and 25.2 KJ/m2 respectively. The Tg of the blends was lower than -30℃.