| The cellulose powders were used widely in the field of oil adsorption for the past few years due to some advantages such as excellent oil absorption capacity,rich resources,cheap,easily obtainable,renewable,biodegradable and so on.The paper was focused on the five kinds of natural cellulose powders.Such as kapok,cattail fiber,bamboo-pulp,reed-pulp and wood-pulp.Physical properties,oil-absorption performance.oil-retention performance,oil-released performance,contact angle,and surface energy was tested and evaluated.Through the above tests,the influence factors of the cellulose powders adsorption capability were analyzed.The main work was including the five fields as following:(1)Physical properties of cellulose powderThe morphological structure,moisture regain and thermal properties of kapok,cattail,bamboo-pulp,reed-pulp and wood-pulp were investigated.Using Nikon YS100 microscope and JSM-5600LVscanning electron microscope for the morphological structure.It was found that the cellulose powders showed irregular shapes and their surface has different degree of damage,but it has retained the morphological characteristics of corresponding fiber.Based on?GB/T 9995-1997 Determination of moisture content and moisture regain of textile--Oven-drying method?,the moisture regains of the cellulose powders of kapok,cattail,bamboo-pulp,reed-pulp and wood-pulp were 11.3%,10.5%,9.2%,11.6%and 9.5%respectively.Measure by STA409PC,The thermogravimetric(TG)analysis showed the starting decomposing temperature of related powders were higher than 250?..It was revealed that the thermal stability of cattail cellulose powder was poor and bamboo-pulp cellulose powder was better.(2)Oil-absorption and oil-retention performance of cellulose powderThe oil-absorption and oil-retention performance of five kinds of the cellulose powders were investigated.It was found that,for the mineral oil,oil absorption rate of kapok,cattail,bamboo-pulp,reed-pulp and wood-pulp cellulose powders were 13.40 g·g-1,5.80 g·g-1,8.48 g·g-1.7.00 g·g-1and 5.50 g·g-1,and oil retaining rate were 0.42 g·g-1,0.49 g·g-1,0.44 g·g-1,0.48 g·g-1 and 0.38 g·g-1 repectively.For PAO synthetic oil(POLY-?a-olefin Synthetic Lubricants),oil absorption rate of kapok,cattail,bamboo-pulp,reed-pulp and wood-pulp cellulose powders were 13.70 g·g-1,6.28 g·g-1,9.02 g·g-1,7.93 g·g-1 and 5.85 g·g-1,and oil retaining rate were 0.38 g·g-1?0.29 g·g-1?0.29 g·g-1?0.22 g-g-1?0.58 g·g-1.(3)Oil-released performance of wood-pulp cellulose powderThe oil-released rate and oil-released temperature of five kinds of the cellulose powders were investigated.It was found that,for the same cellulose powder,with the increase of oil absorption rate,the initial temperature is releasing.In the same oil absorption rate,with the increase of drying temperature,the oil-released rate is increasing.In the same drying temperature,with the increase of oil absorption rate,the oil-released rate is increasing.(4)Contact angle of cellulose powderUsing DCAT11 dynamic contact angle meter to teat the contact angle of five kinds of the cellulose powders with mineral oil and PAO synthetic oil in different temperature.Evaluation the wetting performance of cellulose powder.It was found that,in the same temperature,the contact angle for mineral oil is smaller than the contact angle for PAO synthetic oil.The parameters of oil is an important reasons for the difference of contact angle.The contact angle of cattail and reed-pulp is highe for the two oil.The contact angle of kapok,bamboo-pulp,and wood-pulp cellulose powder is lower.(5)Influence factors of the cellulose powders adsorption capabilityMorphological structure,physical and chemical characteristics of cellulose powder's surface,oil properties,and the external factors are all the factors which have influence on oil absorption performance.Morphological structure is the most important factor.Duing to the hollow which is in kapok cellulose powder,kapok cellulose powder has large space for oil.It is good for oil adsorption of kapok cellulose powder.Oil-absorption rate of kapok cellulose powder is higher than other four cellulose powders.Physical and chemical characteristics which including surface free energy and waxy have effect on oil absorbency.With the surface tension of oil is smaller,the permeability of materials to oil is better.With the viscose and density of oil is higher,the flowability of oil is worse.Beside,application environment temperature and humidity will also have affect on the oil absorption performance of cellulose powder. |
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