Fabricaion And Research Of Electrichemical Capacitor And Sensor Materials

Electrochemistry is a cross discipline, which applies electrochemical methods and principles to different fields. And it is a collection of many new subjects in the field of many subjects. Electrochemistry has been related to metallurgical industry, metal surface treatment, chemical synthetic （inorganic electrochemical synthesis, organic electrochemical synthesis and chlor-alkali industry）, electrochemical energy storage （lithium battery, electrochemical capacitors, etc.）, electrochemical sensors and other aspects. In terms of energy storage and sensors, the electrochemical technology is applied to the characterization and material development of new materials, which can accelerate the speed of development and meet the increasing demands of materials.This paper mainly includes two parts:the first part is about the fabrication and research of electrochemical capacitor materials. The electrochemical capacitor materials were self-grown on the nickel foam through one-step hydrothermal method, which was nanotaper nickel sulfide （Ni₃S₂）. The original area specific capacitance of the sample can reach 2.34 F·cm^-2@50 mA·cm^-2. We found the area specific capacitance increased with charge-discharge times during life cycle test and the specific capacitance can reach 140% of the original value after 2000 cycles. During the first 2000 cycles, the inner impendence of the electrode and the solution diffusion impendence keeps unchanged, which means the wonderful stability of the electrode materials. When assembled with activated carbon electrode （AC） into asymmetric super capacitor Ni₃S₂@NF//AC, its energy density can reach 0.88 mWh·cm-3 while the power density is 0.19 W·cm-3. The second part focuses on the fabrication and research of nonenzymatic glucose sensor materials. We obtained rough Au nanostructures with different morphologies on the surface of Au electrodes by adjusting the electrodeposition time. The sample prepared at the electrodeposition time of 100 s presents the morphology of uniform dispersed Au nanoparticles on the electrode, which shows the highest sensitivity to glucose. The detection results show that the linear detection range of the as-constructed sensor was 0.1 mM-14 mM with a sensitivity of 751μA-mM-1·cm^-2. The detection limit can reach 6.3μM. Besides, the common interfering species for blood glucose detection, such as chloride ion and ascorbic acid have no obvious effect on detection of glucose. Therefore, The nonenzymatic glucose sensor that is fabricated through simple electrodeposition method has great practical significance and commercial application value.