Study On The Extraction Of Almond Oil And The Function Of Auxiliary Improvement In Memory

(1)According to the principle of similar miscibility, nucleophilic electrophilic principle to determine the choice of solvent, according to the principle of cohesive energy density, using molar attraction constant to calculate the cohesive energy density of the solvent and the cohesive energy density of linoleic acid and alpha linolenic acid, use both the cohesive energy density of quantitative data to configurate mixed extractant. Using solid-liquid ratio 1:4, hexane- cyclohexane(92.6:7.4) as the extraction solvent, 70 ?water bath 2 hour, filtration, scum was extracted with the method above one time. ?fter dephosphorization, and dehydration, got the essential oil. Extraction rate is 44.88±0.63%, n=4. After measured by GC, the content of linoleic acid in almond was 48.43±0.0057%, n=3, alpha linolenic acid's content was 0.0204±0.0007%, n=3.The almond oil extraction rate as the study index, using simplex optimization method to optimize the extraction process, get the highest yield efficiency of oil extraction conditions: Solid-liquid ratio 1:4, hexane- cyclohexane(94:6) as the extraction solvent, 75 ?water bath 113 minites, filtration, scum was extracted with the method above one time. After dephosphorization, and dehydration, got the essential oil. The extraction rate is 49.81±0.89%, n=3.(2)Measuring the oil's physical and chemical properties, such as acid value, iodine value, saponification value, peroxide value. Analysising almond oil's relative fatty acids content and fatty acid types by GC-MS. Measuring almond oil's inorganic element by ICP-OES. The results showed that almond oil acid value is 0.33 mg·g-1, iodine value is 99.85 g·100 g-1, saponification value is 154.42 mg·g-1, the peroxide value is 5.01 mg·kg-1. The fatty acid composition of almond oil is lauric acid(0.05%), arachidic acid(0.03%), palmitic(7.28%), oleic acid(67.21%), palmitoleic(0.4%), stearic acid(1.51%), linoleic acid(23.63%). Almond oil also contains many beneficial inorganic element types, rich in potassium, calcium and magnesium ions. Extracted by this method, the almond oil contains low harmful heavy metals, including arsenic is not detected, lead content under the condition of low temperature preservation was 0.33 ?g·g-1.(3)Fed mice almond oil, walnut oil, almond and walnut mixed oil, almond scum, almond paste, almond oil and meal homogenates of mixed liquid for 30 days, through step-down test and passive avoidance test, analysed comprehensively the two aspects of behavior and biochemical index in mice. The results showed that in step-down test, each administration experimental group compared with the control group, except almond paste group, homogenate(2) and homogenate(4) group, the study grades of other groups increased significantly. Except almond paste group, the error number of other groups of mice significantly reduced, almond oil group of mice was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05), the error number significantly higher than the control group lower(P<0.05). In the passive avoidance test, compared to the the control group of mice, the latency period of each administration experimental group increased significantly, the error number reduced significantly. The biochemical indicator date showed that, compared to the the control group of mice, Except the mixed oil group,the AchE activity of other groups in the brain reduced significantly(P<0.05), almond oil, walnut oil group, homogenate(3)group and homogenate(4) groups of mice were significantly increased(P<0.05); The experimental mice MDA in brain were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.01); compared with the control group, almond oil group and walnut oil group SOD activity in the brain significantly increased(P<0.01), the SOD activity of other groups were significantly reduced(P<0.01); NOS activity in the serum of almond paste group was significantly lower(P<0.05) than the control group, while the rest of the group mice can improve NOS activity, almond oil group, walnut oil group, mixed oil group's serum NOS activity was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01). In summary, almond oil can assist improve memory, almond scum, almond paste, almond oil and meal homogenates of mixed liquid do not have significant effect in improving memory function.