Design, Synthesis And Properties Of The Cyanide Sensors Based On Onium Salt

This thesis has four chapters:Chapter one: This chapter summarizes the current research status and progresses about cyanide sensors. We focus on the following five types of cyanide sensors which can recognize the cyanide ion by nucleophilic reaction mechanism:?1? imino compounds,?2? dicyano vinyl compounds,?3? indole group compounds,?4? boron compound,?5? activated carbonyl group compounds. Above on, we not only introduce the design, synthesis, and application of nucleophilic cyanide sensors, but also raise the research content of this paper based on literature review.Chapter two: We synthesize a novel sensor molecule?J1? which can carry out single selective colorimetric fluorescence dual^-channel recognition of CN^- in aqueous medium. When F^-, Cl^-, Br^-, I^-, AcO^-, H2PO₄^-, HSO₄^-, ClO₄^-, SCN^-and CN^- ions were added respectively into sensor molecule J1's DMSO/H2O?v:v/3:2? HEPES?pH=7.2? solution, only CN^- turns the solution from colorless to deep yellow. In the same time, only CN^-, added in sensor molecule J1's DMSO/H2O?v:v/4:1? HEPES?pH=7.2? solution, allows the chemosensor responding with a dramatic fluorescent properties change, from colorless to bright yellow. These recognition processes are not disturbed by other anions. This result indicates that chemosensor J1 is a good colorimetric recognition receptor of CN^-. The sensor molecule J1 has good selection, high sensitivity and strong antidisturbance on CN^- in aqueous medium. Based on sensing molecule J1's high selection on CN^-, we specially prepare test paper which can test CN^- in water by a convenient, fast, and accurate way.Chapter three: we design and synthesize a cyanide sensor J2 based on benzothiazole. J2 could instantly detect cyanide anion in DMSO/H2O?v:v/3:2? HEPES?pH=7.2? solution by colorimetric fluorescent dual-channel model, which can also be observed by naked eyes. We also investigated the practical utilities of chemosesor for the test strips.Chapter four: A turn-on style fluorescent chemosensor J3 for cyanide anions based on benzothiazole was designed and synthesized. The recognition progress occurred via nucleophilic addition reaction between cyanide and benzothiazole functional group. The sensor can detect cyanide by the naked eye in visible light and under UV-lamp. The fluorescent emission spectrum of J3 with CN^- can't be influenced by the addition of other common anions, such as F–, H2PO₄^- and AcO–. Because of the water medium used in the recognization process, the sensor molecule could be regarded as an environmental friendly material which can sense cyanide anion in aqueous medium. This cyanide anion sensor has high potential application value.