Research On The Design And Experiment Of Kitchen Waste Incinerators

With the rapid development of the catering industry, the production of kitchen waste increased quickly. While a lot of kitchen waste cannot properly handle, has become the main problem of urban environmental pollution, even probable lead to a serious threat to people’s normal life and health. Incineration method is an effective kitchen waste recycling processing technology, it was cherished that it has the advantages of reduction, harmless and energy.Kitchen waste treated with crushing, cooking and the water-oil separation treatment, which is used for bio-diesel and the recycling of solid waste was called kitchen waste for degreased.Therefore, to carry out the design and research of the kitchen waste for degreased incinerator,it has great significance to achieve clean, efficient use of kitchen waste for degreased.This dissertation is composed of three main parts:(1)The basic characteristics of kitchen waste disposal center’s kitchen waste for degreased were studied. The element analyzer, industrial analyzer, heat quantity meter and thermogravimetric analyzer were used to study the basic characteristic of kitchen waste for degreased. The experimental results showed that kitchen waste for degreased is the fuel which with high volatile content, low fixed carbon content and low calorific value and it has ignition and burnout characteristics of degreased food waste is better, but its general combustion characteristics is not better. Improve the heating rate can improve the general combustion characteristics.(2)The ash melting characteristics of kitchen waste for degreased were studied.SEM/EDX analyzer and XRD diffraction analyzer were used to stud the characteristics of the ash morphology, ash fusion characteristic and Na, Cl, K, etc, a form element compounds in ash under different calcination temperature. It was found that the deformation temperature of high temperature ash is higher than low temperature ash, softening temperature, hemispherical temperature and flow temperature have little change; as to the ash temperature rise, the morphology of the ash from flocculent gradually into granular; When the temperature ishigher than 900℃, Cl, K, Na element has large part of the precipitated compound in gaseous form. When the temperature has reached 1200℃, Cl precipitate all, contain small amounts of K, Na in the ash.(3)Kitchen waste incinerator combustion pollutants emission characteristics was studied.According to Kitchen waste fuel characteristics, fluidized bed boiler design manual and ash fusion characteristic, boiler incineration were designed and build. In fluidized bed combustion boiler incineration device, flue gas analyzer was used to study the experiments which consisted of the effect of three operating factors on pollutants emission, including bed material height, particle size, bed temperature. The experimental results showed that the higher bed temperature was made for NOx emissions, but the higher bed temperature was increased SO2 emissions, comprehensive considered that the reasonable bed temperature was about 850℃;the NOx emission was a bit influenced by bed material height, and SO2 emissions was greatly influenced by bed material height, comprehensive considered that the appropriate bed material height is 300 mm.SO2 and NOx emissions were greatly influenced by particle size,comprehensive considered that particle size should be controlled in 2~3mm;from NOx and SO2 emissions rules comprehensively, kitchen waste incinerator secondary air rate should be kept at around 20%.