Preparation Of Porous Materials By Self-assembly And Their Sensing Property

Porous materials quickly became the hotspots in the field of the material science due to their large specific surface area, low relative density, small mass, good sound and heat insulation effects, considerable permeability. Consequently, they have been widely used in the field of petrochemical industry, aerospace, medicine and environmental protection. In recent years, the preparation and development of porous materials have been achieved great progress, both of which contribute to laying a solid foundation for discovery and study of new materials in the future. This thesis is mainly launched a series of studies focusing on the preparation of porous materials by self-assembly and their sensing property, the main contents are as follows:1. Preparing electrochemical active hierarchically porous carbons for detecting nitrite in drinkable water:A class of hierarchically porous carbons were prepared by a facile dual-templating approach. The obtained samples were characterized by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, Brunaner-Emmett-Teller measurement and electrochemical work station, respectively. The porous carbons could possess large specific surface area, interconnected pore structures, high conductivity and graphitizing degree. The resulted materials were used to prepare integrated modified electrodes. Based on the experimental results, the as-prepared hierarchically porous graphite (HPG) modified electrode showed the best electroactive performances toward the detection of nitrite with a detection limit of 8.1 x 10’3 mM. This HPG electrode was also repeatable and stable in 6 weeks. Moreover, this electrode was used for the determination of nitrite in drinkable water and had acceptable recoveries.2. Preparation of porous microspheres assisted by microfluidics:To prepare porous microspheres assisted by microfluidics, monodisperse mesoporous silica spheres and acetic acid solution containing of chitosan were used for the water phase. Meanwhile, liquid paraffin, glutaraldehyde and emulgator (EM90) served as the oil phase. The obtained microspheres showed interconnected porous structure, good sphericity and uniform size distribution, which were observed by scanning electron microscopy.