Toxicological Effects Of BaP,DDT And Their Mixture In Male Green Mussel By An Integrated Proteomic And Metabolomic Approach

BaP and DDT are typical persistent organic pollutants (POPs), besides they also are extensive environmental estrogens (EEs). Due to its persistence, semi-volatile, bioaccumulation, high toxicity and long-range transport, it has caused much attention in the world. In this study, the omics appoarch including metabolomics and proteomics approach were used to explicate the toxicological effects of BaP, DDT and their mixture in male mussels Perna viridis.1. Toxic effects of BaP, DDT and their mixture in male green mussel gills by a combined metabolomic and proteomic methodIn this study, the toxicological effects of BaP (10?g/L), DDT (10?g/L) and their mixture were assessed in green mussel gills by applying a joint proteomic and metabolomic method. Metabolic responses showed that BaP mainly caused disturbance in osmotic regulation by significantly decreased branched chain amino acids, dimethylamine and dimethylglycine in gills of male green mussels after exposure for7days. DDT primarily led to the disorder of osmotic regulation and energy metabolism by discrepancily changed betaine, dimethylamine, dimethylglycine, amino acids, and succinate in gills of male green mussels. However, the mixture of BaP and DDT didn't show obvious metabolite changes, which suggested antagonistic influences of BaP and DDT. Proteomic answers illustrated that BaP, DDT and their mixture may have different methods of action. Proteomic answers showed that BaP led to cell apoptosis, disturbance in protein digestion and energy metabolism in gills of green mussels, whereas DDT exposure altered proteins that were associated with oxidative stress, protein digestion, cytoskeleton and energy metabolism. However, the mixture of BaP and DDT affected proteins that were involved in cytoskeleton, oxidative stress, protein biosynthesis, protein modification, energy metabolism, growth and cell apoptosis.2. Toxic effects of BaP, DDT and their mixture in male green mussel gonads by a combined metabolomic and proteomic approachIn this study, the toxicological effects of BaP (10?g/L) and DDT (10?g/L) and their mixture were assessed in green mussel gonads using an integrated proteomic and metabolomic approach. Metabolomics research according to NMR technique displayed that:BaP didn't show obvious metabolite changes in gonads of male green mussels after exposure for7days. DDT generally led to the disorder of osmotic regulation and energy metabolism by discrepancily changed BCAAs, alanine, threonine, arginine, glutamate, acetoacetate, succinate, dimethylamine, unknown metabolite (3.53ppm), glycine, homarine and ATP. However, the mixture of BaP and DDT mainly caused disturbance in osmotic regulation and energy metabolism by differentially altered BCAAs, glutamate, alanine, arginine, acetoacetate, succinate, unknown metabolite (3.53ppm), glycine,4-aminobutyrate and, dimethylglycine, homarine and ATP. It clearly that most of changed metabolites in the mixture mussel gonads caused by DDT. Proteomic answers illustrated that BaP, DDT and their mixture may have different styles of action. Proteomic responses revealed that BaP induced signal transduction, oxidative stress, spermatogenesis, cell apoptosis, protein digestion and energy metabolism in male green mussel gonads. Whereas DDT exposure altered proteins that were associated with signal transduction, oxidative stress, cytoskeleton and cell structure, cellular organization, energy metabolism, transcription and cell apoptosis. However, the mixture of BaP and DDT affected proteins related to the cytoskeleton and cell structure, oxidative stress, cellular organization, transcription, protein translation, energy metabolism, nucleotide metabolism, signal transduction and apoptosis. This research demonstrated that a joint metabolomic and proteomic method could better comprehend the toxicological mechanism of environmental pollutants.