Design And Analysis Of Quantum Oblivious Transfer Protocols

Quantum oblivious transfer is an important branch of quantum cryptography,compared with classical oblivious transfer which based on the difficult mathematics problem and the computational complexity,it uses the basic principle of quantum mechanics to ensure its security.Oblivious transfer protocol not only constructs other security protocols,but also plays a key role in protecting user privacy.Quantum oblivious transfer is the quantum counterpart of classical oblivious transfer.With the rapid development of quantum information processing and quantum computation,in the foreseeable future,quantum oblivious transfer is expected to make up for the classical oblivious transfer of defects,independently used in business transactions,content confidentiality and other scenes to protect the two sides or multi-party privacy.Therefore,we need to propose a more secure,more practical and more efficient quantum oblivious transfer schemes for conquering the shortcomings of existing quantum oblivious transfer protocols.In this paper,we propose four different quantum oblivious transfer protocols,and we analyze the security and feasibility of the protocol in theory.The details are as follows:(1)In this paper,we propose two novel protocols for all-or-nothing quantum oblivious transfer protocol and one-out-of-two quantum oblivious transfer protocol respectively by using single qubit states,which relax the constraints on the receiver Bob.All existing quantum oblivious transfer protocols can be achieved when all the members have to be quantum.But in our protocols,Bob can use fewer quantum resources.We analyze the security of the protocol from two aspects of the attacks from Alice and the attacks from Bob.It is proved that the proposed protocol is cheat sensitive and can resist the attack of internal attacker.(2)We propose a flexible one-out-of-n quantum oblivious transfer protocol.We demonstrate that,by adjusting the value of ?,the flexible one-out-of-n QOT is allowable where n can be located theoretically on any value the communicating parties wanted theoretically.In addition,we also design a special classical post-processing method to resist the powerful joint-measurement attack.At the same time,we prove that our protocol is not based on quantum bit commitment and does not violate the MLC No-go theorem and Lo's No-go theorem so that its security can be achieved.The analysis shows that the protocol has perfect anti-attack,high flexibility,loss tolerance and anti-quantum storage attack,and can transmit multi-bit message.(3)We propose a new robust one-out-of-n quantum oblivious transfer protocol with the technique of decoherence-free states,which is a theoretical study of how decoherence-free states can be used for protection of quantum information in such a protocol.And we show that the proposed protocol can be used to solve the problems of interference caused by noise,is a robust,tolerant loss and secure protocol.