Marcuse's View On Science And Technology And Its Contemporary Significance

The science and technology is a double-edged sword.On the one hand,science and technology not only greatly promote the development of social productivity and progress,but also stimulate the material wealth of society;on the other hand,the negative effects of technology and science has surpassed people's expectation.The alienation of Science and Technology makes Science and Technology become tools for controlling and enslaving people.The alienation of science and technology leads modern people to get into the predicament of survival day by day.Facing this phenomenon,more and more people begin to explore the specific ways to eliminate the alienation of science and technology.Herbert Marcuse is one of the most outstanding representatives of Frankfurt school.Marcuse's view on "double effect" of modern science and technology is very famous.In the advanced industrial society,Marcuse believes that technical rationality which becomes a new form of domination permeates all fields of society.The close combination of technology and ideology makes science and technology more and more ideological.The combination of technology and ideology controls people quietly,which makes the whole society fall into comprehensive One-Dimension.One-Dimension includes one-dimensional man,one-dimensional politics,one-dimensional society,one-dimensional idea,and one-dimensional culture.Science and technology has brought economy,politics and culture into the scope of “rationality”.Science and technology have already eliminated people's resistance,criticism and transcendence consciousness from the origination.In Marcuse's opinion,if we want to break through the limitations of science and technology,eliminate the alienation and ideology of science and technology,and truly achieve the complete liberation of mankind,we need to rebuild a new view of science and technology,develop a new civilization and realize the dual liberation of man from nature.Marcuse's view on science and technology re-elucidates the modern value of Marxist view of Science and Technology.It reveals that the alienation of science and technology become a tool to strengthen the control of human beings in the capitalist society.It also put forward a new opinion on how to get out of the alienation of science and technology and achieve "double emancipation".Marcuse ascribed all the problems to science and technology and ignored the basic contradictions of society and the role of the working class.He exaggerated the negativity and ideology of science and technology.And more importantly,he not only failed to grasp the essence of the alienation of science and technology,but also failed to find a practical way to revolution.These reasons lead to his view on Science and Technology has some shortcomings.Marcuse's technology critical thinking also has reference value for the current social development and ecological civilization construction in China.We should not only understand the social function of Science and Technology correctly,but also give full play to the role of Science and Technology in social development.We should deal with the negative effect of science and technology appropriately.It is very important for us to make full use of the advantages of Socialist system to carry out technological innovation.We should also develop new intelligent and ecological technology to resolve the negative effects of Technology.These factors can not only develop social production to meet the material needs of people,but also protect the beautiful natural home.