| Wetland landscape evolution was the result of the interaction between natural factors and human activities.It was of great scientific significance to study the driving mechanism of wetland landscape pattern and to develop wetland restoration and protection measures.The study of the evolution of the Bosten Lake wetland landscape will provide an important reference for the future protection of the Bosten Lake wetland environment and the rational development and utilization of the wetland resources,and will help people understand the environmental conditions of the Bosten Lake wetland,protect the resources and environment of the Bosten Lake Basin,and maintain the regional ecological environment,To achieve sustainable development of regional economy had important guiding significance.Landsat date was used as the remote sensing data source,and the relevant literatures were used to determine the landscape classification with water as the standard.The landscape conversion coefficient,the landscape conversion range and the landscape pattern index were used to study the analysis.The evolution of the landscape in the west coast of Bosten Lake near the lake.The main conclusions were as follows:(1)The dry land was the main landscape type of the study area,accounting for more than 50% of the total proportion.The maximum value of the wet landscape was in 2000.During the period from 1990 to 2000,there was a continuous increase in the area and amount of surface water in wetland,and reached the maximum level in Ming water in 2000.The dryland area remained almost unchanged from 1990 to 2015,and the position of dry land change was mainly in contact with wetland And the occurrence of clear water into dry land,dry land into a large degree of change in water.(2)Nearly 27 years of landscape transformation of wet and dry changes were divided into the following two stages:Landscape to the more wet landscape transformation stage,the landscape conversion rate was greater than zero,from 1990 to 1995 172.06 km2 rapid growth to 1995 to 2000 473.57 km2,1990 ~ 1995 and 2010 to 2015 landscape conversion relative to 1990 ~ 2000 more stable;Landscape to the more dry landscape transformation stage,the study area of various landscapes in 2000 ~ 2005 this stage of the transformation direction towards the dry landscape and faster,landscape conversion 473.5 km2 quickly dropped to the-328.33 km2 from 1995 to 2000,the phase of the landscape conversion range of 801.90 km2,the rapid decline of water at this stage was caused by this stage one of the main factors.(3)The distribution of the center of gravity of the landscape of the study area was the same as that of the landscape.The change of the center of gravity of the dryland and the Ming water reflects the increase of the area of the clear water and the migration of the eastward area,The size of the distance from the east to the east increases,and the size of the distance between the Ming water and the magnitude of the growth was related to the dry land.The center of gravity of the wetland with surface water was consistent with the change of the center of gravity of the water in the latitude direction,and the migration distance was also relatively large when the area change was large.The migration of the wetland with no surface water was counterclockwise,the direction of gravity migration and the area increase The size of the migration distance and the area of the wetland without surface water had no obvious characteristics.(4)Stable landscape was the study area of the main landscape types accounted for more than 87% of the total type,nearly 27 a of the long-term stability of the type of landscape in the 1900 km2 up and down,in addition to 1995 to 2000 during the stable landscape area had declined,2000 ~ 2015 The annual stable landscape area showed a progressive increase,indicating that the landscape changes in the study area stabilized.Stable landscape gradually increased year by year,while the change-type landscape decreased year by year,indicating that the landscape changes gradually become stable,2010-2015 period changes in the landscape were reduced to nearly 27 a to the lowest value,the range of changes in the landscape only the total type 1.80%,while the large change of landscape to the total type of landscape of 0.57%,stable landscape reached 92.58%,reflecting the study area landscape changes tend to be stable.(5)The number of patches in the study area increased and the fragmentation of the landscape increased.The edge of the landscape increased with the edge of the landscape,and the degree of fragmentation was increased.The average patch area decreased,indicating that the landscape was more broken,subject to climate factors and human factors of the dual impact,which by the human activities of the larger interference;landscape patch complex shape,complex landscape shape,the study area landscape type was more single,The degree of fragmentation of landscape patches was reduced.Shannon landscape uniformity was greater than 0.5,but declined,the richness of the landscape type had declined.(6)Climate factors,lake water level and regional wetland protection measures were one of the driving factors of lake lake wetland landscape changes in the west coast of Bosten Lake.Bosten Lake Wetland restoration and biodiversity conservation project,artificial reed project for the study area wetland landscape stability and sustainable use provides a good advice countermeasures. |
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