Study On The Extreme Temperature Events In Recent 30 Years And Weather Service Cases In Shanghai

In recent years,global warming has led to the melting of glaciers on the planet,sea level rising and more extreme weather events,which is big menace to the Natural ecosystem and also to the human society.Under the trend of global warming,extreme high temperature,rainstorm and drought become more frequent,and also cause great and irreparable harm and damage.With the development of big city and the neglect of infrastructure construction,there will be more serious casualties and economic losses while extreme weather happened.With the development of meteorological science,especially the development of meteorological services,more and more scholars have paid attention to the influence of meteorological conditions on urban development,people's livelihood and infrastructure operation.At first,based on the temperature data of Shanghai in the past 30 years,the paper studied on the extreme temperature of Shanghai,and found that with the development of the city,the frequency,intensity and the spatiotemporal distribution have changed.The results are as followings:(1)In the past 30 years,the frequency of extreme minimum temperature in Shanghai was significantly higher than that of extreme maximum temperature events,and the frequency of extreme maximum temperature showed an upward trend by year,while the frequency of extreme low temperature decreased by year.Songjiang meteorological observation station which located in the middle west of Shanghai,the frequency of extreme maximum temperature has a significant upward trend in the past 30 years,and the increase had exceeded the average level of Shanghai since 2002.While the change of Xujiahui station was consistent with the average lever of the city.(2)In the past 30 years,the annual difference of the extreme maximum temperature intensity in Shanghai was observed obviously,there was a clear upward trend,And also the intensity of extreme minimum temperature.The variation trend of the extreme temperature intensity in Xujiahui station is consistent with that of Shanghai,which showed an upward trend,especially for the upward trend of extreme low temperature.As a result,the extreme temperature events in Xujiahui station can represent the change trend of Shanghai.(3)Comparing with the region of extreme maximum temperature in 1987-1996,It was found that the region has been significantly improved in recent 10 years.The extreme maximum temperature events in Midwest of Shanghai showed a significant upward trend,which was consistent with the priority of Urbanization.Comparing with the region of extreme low temperature in 1987-1996,it was found that the region has been reversed in recent 10 years,and the Midwest has changed from high value to low value.The change is consistent with the results of multiple global warming studies.The results showed that the frequency of extreme temperature events were in connection with urbanization.Secondly,based on the data of daily waste transport,city water and power supply in Shanghai,the paper studied on the weather services for the waste transport,city water and power supply and other livelihood industries:(1)The relationship between the waste transport and weather was designed innovatively.By statistical analysis,it is found that the waste transport has an obviously seasonal change,and shows typical unimodal sort in one year.It begins to increase around February and reaches the highest value in summer.It's showed that the waste had the most significant correlation with the maximum temperature.When the maximum temperature is less than 37?,waste transport volume increased with the maximum temperature,while the maximum temperature is over 37?,the waste transport is decreased with maximum temperature.By establishing the regression equation and testing,it was found that the predicted values are consistent with the actual results.Therefore,the research methods and conclusions can be used for the reference of environmental meteorological services.(2)The relationship between weather and the supply of water and power in summer showed that the water and power supply has a significant holiday effect.After excluding the impact of social development trends,we found that there is a significant relationship between the water supply and the maximum temperature,and also with the humidity in summer in Shanghai,correlation coefficients are significant at 0.01 level.The regression equation was also established.At the same time,it is found that there is a significant relationship between the power supply and the maximum temperature and the mean pressure in summer,all correlation coefficients are significant at 0.01 level.It is also showed that the predicted values of water and power supply are significantly related to the actual values,so the methods and conclusions can be used for water and power supply service in Shanghai.(3)Based on the analysis of extreme temperature threshold,it was found that the maximum temperature has indicative significance to the waste transport,water supply and power supply.When the temperature is 19? or 32?,the volume of waste transport increased significantly with the temperature increase per 1?.When the temperature is 33?,the volume of water and power supply increased significantly with the temperature increase per 1?.