A Comparative Study On The Composition Of Cortical And Hippocampus Neural Circuits

Tree shrews are Scandentia Head Tupaiidae whose shape are similar to a class of small mammals, squirrels, and their weight generally are not more than 300g.They widely distribute in South Asia, Southeast Asia and southern and southwestern regions of China. In anatomy and physiology, neural development, hepatitis virus infection characteristic and psychological stress pattern aspects, tree shrews and primates, and even humans are highly similar. In addition, the tree shrew has the largest brain to weight ratio among mammals, being the ideal model for studying brain function and neurodegenerative diseases. Recently, as a new class of animal models, tree shrews' potential applications have been getting more and more people's attention.The hippocampus, as one of the most important structures in the brain margin system,participates in learning, spatial memory, anxiety, stress and so on. At present, the researchers carry out a thorough research on the structural and functional information of hippocampal neural circuit in rodents. However, the tree shrew as a new model organism, the relevant research on its hippocampal neural circuit analysis is still relatively less. In this study, morphological staining and other methods are used to describe the details of the different interneurons in different sub-hippocampus distribution for the first time. The results provide anatomical data for the analysis of tree shrew hippocampal neural circuit. We also conducted comparative studies on the cell construction of the medial prefrontal cortex and the hippocampal dentate gyrus in tree shrew and mouse. The experimental results showed that the tree shrews are more advanced in evolutionary status.The premise of understanding brain function is to analyze the connection map of neural network. How to track the structure of the neural circuit has become an urgent need to solve this scientific problem. As a new tracer, the neurotoxic virus has been widely used in neural network tracer research in recent years because of its ability to spread across synaptic transmission, controllable propagation direction and no attenuation of signal. The rapid development of neurotoxic virus makes it an effective means to analyze the information of neural circuit. Organotypic brain slice culture is an important part to analyze the neural circuit in normal or disease state. In this study,human brain cortical organotypic brain slice technique was established. In vitro culture of human cortical organotypic brain slice was carried out for up to five days and electrophysiological recording was successfully used to detect neuronal activity.We hope to combine the neurotropic tracer technique to analyze the structural information of the neural circuit.Revealing differences and abnormalities between healthy people and patients (such as epilepsy or AD) in the neural circuit will help to understand the pathogenesis. We also inquired about the pathologic data of temporal lobe glioma patients with epilepsy from 2011 to 2017 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, and carried out neuropathological examination of its pathological tissues. It is hoped that the pathogenesis of the disease will be further studied in combination with organotypic brain tissue culture and electrophysiological recording technology.