Phylogeography Of The Relict Plant Helianthemum Soongoricum

Helianthemum soongoricum(Cistaceae),a semi shrubs or shrubs,distributed in Inner-Mongolia and Xinjiang Uigur autonomous region in Northwest of China,included two species i.e.H.soongoricum Schrenk and H.ordosicum both were listed important protected plants by Chinese government due to that decreased population and sparely individuals.Helianthemum soongoricunm play an important role in the connection between the origin of the desert flora in Inner Mongolia,Xinjiang and the flora of the Mediterranean.we studied on the population genetic diversity and phylogeographic structure of Helianthemum soongoricum using two non-coding region fragment of cpDNA,The main results are summarize as follows:1.we obtained 2 phylomophic fragments trnc-ycf6 and psbJ-petA for analysis.In population levels,the genetic diversity of Inner Mongolia was higher than that of Xinjiang,Fst(0.9583,0.96030,0.98160)have reached significant differences.The variation among populations was greater than that in the population,and the genetic variation mainly resided among the populations.and Nst>Gst,the cpDNA variation of H.soongoricum has significant Phylogeographic structure.2.Mismatch distributions and Tajima test indicated that the Helianthemum soongoricum populations expanded their range.The haplotype maximum simple tree and network map analysis showed that the Helianthemum soongoricum population had obvious geographical distribution pattern.3.Haplotype phylogenetic analysis showed that before 2.0296-2.5525 mya,the population divided into two species(Inner mongolia and Xinjiang species),and then the two species experienced the independently evolution even for differentiation,thus forming a modern distribution pattern.The results of the Phylogeography analysis of the Helianthemum soongoricum spectrum support the view of establishing a new species in Inner Mongolia.4.We suggest that the Qianligou and Yili valley protection area should be increased,as for the region which are severely damaged by man-made habitats,ex-site conservation should be taken into consideration.