Comparison Of Monocotyledonousgenomic Structure And Function Research

Topics are taking 12 major monocots rice, bananas, pineapples, palm and others' genome to conduct comparative genomic research, to determine the course of evolution of species associated with polyploidy genome structure and evolution of chromosomes mode, and to reveal the effect of genome evolution of species evolution brought.Different duplicate genes retained in different kinds of monocot genome, an average of 5100, most of them are 12,056 in banana genome. Relatively genome, genome colinearity between chromosome fragments often longer. Based on the homologous collinearity information within genomes and between genomes, and genes generated among the whole genome duplication consisting of inferred, constructed between multiple species associated with multiple of colinear list, determine a more reliable paralogous and orthologous relationship between genome.Calculated the nucleotide substitution rate(Ks-value) within genomes and between genomes, found that different species genome evolution at different rates. In the grass family, the slowest evolution rate is the rice genome(Ks=0.65), the fastest evolution rate is the barley genome(Ks=0.85), the middle are millet, wheat(Ks=0.7). Combined with the latest fossil evidence promote the WGD event in grass ~ 25.8 million years.Comparative inference the rice karyotype evolution, confirmed three important karyotype evolution mode. Chromosome 2 fused by chromosomes 4 and 6, the same as to chromosome 3 by chromosomes 7 and 10. Chromosome 11 and chromosome 12 were in one ancient chromosome.The results and methodology provide a theoretical basis and important information of homologous for monocots, especially cereal crops genome research.