Finding And Analysing Essential Long Noncoding RNAs Based On Bi-Colored Network

Genome sequencing results show that the phenomenon of RNA transcription from noncoding region is wildly spread in mammals. Although noncoding RNA is considered to be noises in gene transcription process by past studies, a growing number of studies in recent years indicate that they play important roles in living organisms. Among many types of noncoding RNA, the long noncoding RNA(lncRNA) has attracted a wide range of research concerns in recent years. The research results show that the lncRNA regulate target gene expression by transcriptional regulation and post-transcriptional regulation ways, or combine with other biological molecules, which can further induce or inhibit the occurrence and development of complex diseases.Great number of lncRNA brings challenge to studies. As with study of essential genes in coding genes, study of essential lncRNA, which has less number but important functions, can quickly depict the functional characteristics of lncRNA. Although studies have emphasized the importance of the research on essential lncRNA, but at the moment, whether from the aspect of biological experiments, or from the aspect of computational model, there are very limited studies concentrated on essential lncRNA.Inspired by the method of finding essential genes in coding gene research, the node centrality is applied to the gene-lncRNA bi-colored network, and statistical testing is used to finding essential lncRNA base on known essential genes in this paper. For 119 prioritized essential lncRNA, their functions are analyzed from two aspects. Firstly, tissue-specific analysis is carried out. Tissue-specific essential lncRNA is selected by calculating specific score, and analysis shows that their functions are consistent with corresponding tissue, indicating an important reason of why they are essential. Secondly, module analysis is carried out. Function modules are detected by Cluster ONE algorithm, and analysis of function association between essential lncRNA and essential gene in same module further illustrates the significance of essential lncRNA. The result of futher module function enrichment analysis reveals the great importance of essential lncRNA for module function.In this paper, although some features of the essential lncRNA are revealed, the biological mechanism behind it still needs further investigation. Our study results of essential lncRNA are preliminary, but still contribute to the development of the essential lncRNA study.