Preparation And Application Of Photonic Crystal-structured Materials

Photonic crystal-structured material refers to functional materials with photonic crystal structure, which is prepared by modifying colloidal microspheres or filling metal oxides, polymers, or functional component in gaps between the colloidal microspheres. In this paper, we prepared opal EDTA-immoblized hydrogel photonic crystals and three-dimensional ordered macroporous cuprous oxide photonic crystals respectively, and studied the application of them.The main content of this paper is:1. Firstly, polystyrene?PS? microspheres with a diameter of 210 nm were prepared by emulsion polymerization. Then photonic crystal template was prepared from the obtained PS microspheres through vertical deposition. Hydrogel precursor solution was chosen by optimizing the content in the precursor solution and choosing appropriate functional component. At last, EDTA-immobilized opal hydrogel photonic crystal was got. The experimental results showed that the present hydrogel photonic crystal had good reversible responsiveness to Pb²⁺. Effects of pH, ionic strength and response time on the responsiveness to Pb²⁺ were also investigated. The results showed EDTA-immobilized hydrogel photonic crystal had good responsiveness to Pb²⁺ at pH 5.5. Interference of Cu²⁺ was studied and it was found that EDTA-immoblized hydrogel photonic crystal had selectivity to Pb²⁺ at pH 5.5. It was found that the Bragg diffraction peak shift of hydrogel photonic crystals has a certain linear relationship with log concentration of Pb²⁺ in the range from 10^-9 to 10^-3 mol/L. The present work provided a rapid and simple method to detect Pb²⁺ in solution.2. Polystyrene photonic crystals template attached on indium tin oxide?ITO? was prepared by vertical deposition. Then this template was filled with Cu₂O via electrodeposition in sodium acetate and copper acetate aqueous solution. After the removal of the template, three-dimensional ordered macroporous Cu₂O films were obtained. Various factors such as concentration of microspheres emulsion, deposition voltage, deposition time, soak time in tetrahydrofuran solution on the influence of morphology of three-dimensional ordered macroporous Cu₂O films were investigated through a scanning electron microscope?SEM?. The photocatalytic degradation of the rhodamine B by the Cu₂O film without porous and three-dimensional macroporous Cu₂O film prepared in the experiment under the sunlight was investigated, the experimental results showed that three-dimensional macroporous Cu₂O film had better catalytic degradation efficiency.