| The spatial pattern of urban thermal landscape is the comprehensive performance of the interaction between human activities and their surrounding environment. Surface thermal landscape is the natural landscape of the surface temperature in the way of expression, in remote sensing image based on the same pixel as the same, similar or in a certain temperature range of the aggregation of the patch. In order to study the temperature difference of surface temperature, the surface temperature can be more intuitive and quantitative, and provide support for urban planning, decision-making and urban development. The study of urban thermal landscape has far-reaching significance for the urban climate, urban ecological environment and urban human settlements.In this paper, using the OLI and TIRS data of Landsat-8 satellite, combined with MODIS data, the paper uses the split window algorithm to invert the surface temperature of Ji'nan city. The decision tree classification method of Jinan City surface structure type classification of oli data, vegetation, water, bare soil and artificial building four surface structure types. On the basis of classification, the ratio of the four types of surface structure is calculated by using the vegetation coverage as the intermediate parameters. Due to the lack of atmospheric profile data, this paper uses the second and 19 bands of MODIS data to calculate the atmospheric water vapor content, and then obtain the atmospheric transmittance. On the basis of the above, using the split window algorithm, the use of landsat-8 data TIRS two thermal infrared band, inversion of surface temperature in Ji'nan city. Based on the surface temperature inversion, the surface temperature of Ji'nan city was divided into five categories by means of the mean variance method. Each level corresponds to a kind of thermal landscape, which is a high temperature surface landscape, sub high temperature surface landscape, moderate temperature surface landscape, sub low temperature surface landscape and low temperature surface landscape. In order to objectively and truly respond to the surface temperature of Ji'nan City, the four period of the representative remote sensing images were selected to retrieve the surface temperature.Under the support of ENVI software, GIS software and Fragstats software, the area, quantity, perimeter, average area, average perimeter and proportion of all kinds of thermal landscape patches were statistics. Introduction of landscape ecology in landscape evaluation index as the Jinan urban thermal landscape pattern study of index analysis, Jinan city land surface thermal landscape as a whole and the various subordinate administrative region of thermal landscape fragmentation, thermal landscape diversity, thermal landscape advantage degree, thermal landscape evenness. The difference of temperature in the four seasons with the change of seasons is compared and analyzed. On the same surface with the seasonal changes and the performance of different thermal landscape analysis. To analyze the relationship between the thermal spatial pattern, the type of surface structure and the spatial distribution of the surface thermal landscape in Ji'nan.The analysis shows that the city of Ji'nan in different seasons, surface temperature difference, the temperature changes in the four seasons in the spring of April is large, high temperature areas are mainly located in Lixia District, Licheng District, Zhangqiu City, the urban area and the bare mountain, in the temperature range of 306.86 K ~ 320.53K; low temperature area is mainly distributed in the Yellow River, large reservoirs and other water. The temperature in the range of 289.41 K ~ 298.66 K. In the summer of July Chinese occupy the dominant position of surface area, temperature in the range of 303.20 K ~ 306.10 K, the high temperature area is mainly distributed in Lixia District, Central City flyover zone and other major towns of surface, high temperature region is relatively concentrated in the temperature range of 307.54 K ~ 318.66K; low temperature area mainly distributed in the Yellow River, large reservoir, water and other low altitude the mountain temperature range in 296.39 K ~ 301.76 K. In autumn October, lower temperature, high temperature area relatively discrete, high temperature area is mainly distributed in Shanghe County, Jiyang County, bare naked land and Zhangqiu City mountain surface, temperature in the range of 300.12 K ~ 308.82K; low temperature area mainly distributed in the Yellow River, a large reservoir and low elevation mountains, in the temperature range of 282.81 K ~ 294.24 K. The temperature in winter dominated winter wheat planting area mostly in Shanghe County, Jiyang County, north of the city of Zhangqiu, in the temperature range of 269.72 K ~ 278.72 K. High temperature area is more discrete, mainly distributed in the mountainous area of the exposed surface area, the temperature range in 283.42 K ~ 292.10 K. The low temperature area is mainly distributed in the Yellow River, large reservoirs and the low altitude of the mountain area, the temperature range of 269.72 K ~ 278.72 K.The thermal landscape administrative region spatial distribution has great difference. Shanghe county middle temperature region occupy the absolute advantage, the vast majority of landscape types in the area shows the temperature of heat. Jiyang County thermal landscape types are more abundant and the degree of division is relatively large, mainly in the middle temperature landscape type, a small number of high temperature landscape type distribution in the southern region of Jiyang county. Zhangqiu City, mainly in the middle temperature landscape types and high temperature landscape types occupy the dominant low temperature distribution and the north and south, the northern part of the landscape type, the south is the high temperature landscape types. Licheng District thermal landscape type is rich, the city was dominated by high temperature landscape types, the northern part of the city to Wen Jingguan, and southern mainly for mountain, at a low altitude in the mountains because of the sunlight irradiation time shorter showed low temperature and low-temperature landscape types, the higher because of its perennial vegetation cover the shading, heat preservation good in temperature landscape types. Tianqiao District, Lixia District, Huaiyin District and city central landscape type space distribution is similar, thermal landscape types are more abundant, high temperature zone are mainly distributed in the urban construction surface, low temperature area mainly distributed on the surface of the water area. Changqing District thermal landscape spatial distribution in Licheng District of Pingyin county and similar thermal landscape spatial distribution in Shanghe county is similar. |
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