The Application Of Causality Under The Stimulation Of Cognitive Behavior In Gerbil Auditory

Gerbil category learning has received wide attention recently in neuroscience.Gerbils were used to demonstrate the better sorting of stimuli into two categories in it's learning strategy by surface EEG recording from the auditory cortex.However,where and how is the underlying neurophysiology mechanism in the forming process of the category information during cognition learning keeps unknown so far.In this paper we analyze surface EEG recording from the auditory cortex of five Gerbils by stimuli including a sequence of frequency-modulated tones of ‘rising' and ‘falling'modulation.We use Granger causality(GC)and recently proposed new causality(NC)methods to reveal causal flow among all channel pairs.We search and collect all EEG channel pairs with different bidirectional causality flow for the two different types of tones.Our results show that1)both methods disclose that Nos.of the collected pairs in stage 1(initial stage)is always smaller than that in stage 2(well-trained stage).Especially,our NC results well indicate that in general the higher the corrected rate(CR),the larger Nos.of the collected pairs,which means,the more neurons in auditory cortex area are activated,trained and participated to communicate each other with different major directional causal flows during two category learning.2)By analyzing the channels in the collected pairs,no particular area is identified in the initial stages.However,in the well-trained stages a couple of local areas(C17,C22,and C23)by NC method are particularly identified.These areas may play a crucial role in participating in forming the category information during cognition process.3)The local area C23 may be the most core area and may be where neurophysiology mechanism of category cognition mainly takes place.During the forming process of two categories information the area C23 is trained to establish major directional causal flow to the other local area for the stimuli of falling FM tones,and the other related local area is trained to establish major directional causal flow to the area C23 for the stimuli of rising FM tones.This phenomenon as well as 1)may imply how is the underlying neurophysiology mechanism for recognition,memory and restoration of category information during cognition process.4)The proposed brain-alike classification measure can discriminate the categoryinformation with improving classification rate at two stages and the widely used artificial neural networks such Back Propagation fail to do so.